8.28

वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैव
दानेषु यत्पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम् ।
अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा
योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम् ॥

vedeṣu yajñeṣu tapaḥsu caiva
dāneṣu yat puṇyaphalaṃ pradiṣṭam
atyeti tat sarvam idaṃ viditvā
yogī paraṃ sthānam upaiti cādyam

Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) closes the chapter. Knowing this, the yogin passes the fruit that rites assign, and goes to the primal place. Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.

The verse

Whatever fruit of merit is assigned in the Vedas, in sacrifices, in austerities, and in gifts, the yogin passes beyond all of it, and having known this he goes to the supreme primal place.

नेपालीमा

वेदमा, यज्ञमा, तपमा र दानमा जुन पुण्यफल तोकिएको छ, योगी त्यो सबै नाघ्छ। यो चिनेर ऊ परम आदि स्थानमा जान्छ।

Where it sits

The chapter ends by setting this knowledge above the merit those four fields appoint. The yogin who has followed the remembering, the fight, and the two paths does not cash the chapter in for a fruit inside the round. He goes past that fruit, to the place that does not return. Arjuna's (अर्जुन) question in 8.1 and 8.2, what the names mean and how Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is known at the hour of death, has been answered as far as this chapter takes it.

Split: वेदेषु + यज्ञेषु + तपःसु + च + एव + दानेषु + यत् + पुण्य-फलम् + प्रदिष्टम् + अत्येति + तत् + सर्वम् + इदम् + विदित्वा + योगी + परम् + स्थानम् + उपैति + च + आद्यम्

vedeṣu + yajñeṣu + tapaḥsu + ca + eva + dāneṣu + yat + puṇya-phalam + pradiṣṭam + atyeti + tat + sarvam + idam + viditvā + yogī + param + sthānam + upaiti + ca + ādyam

Sanskrit, in depth

The words

देवनागरी	Word	Grammar	Sense
वेदेषु	vedeṣu	locative plural	in the Vedas.
यज्ञेषु	yajñeṣu	locative plural	in sacrifices.
तपःसु	tapaḥsu	locative plural of tapas (तपस्)	in austerities.
च	ca	indeclinable	and.
एव	eva	indeclinable	indeed.
दानेषु	dāneṣu	locative plural	in gifts.
यत्	yat	nominative neuter	whatever.
पुण्य-फलम्	puṇya-phalam	nominative neuter	fruit of merit. puṇya (पुण्य) "merit," phala (फल) "fruit."
प्रदिष्टम्	pradiṣṭam	nominative neuter	assigned, pointed out. pra (प्र) + diś (दिश्).
अत्येति	atyeti	present, 3rd singular	goes beyond. ati (अति) + i (इ).
तत्	tat	accusative neuter	that.
सर्वम्	sarvam	accusative neuter	all.
इदम्	idam	accusative neuter	this. The teaching just given.
विदित्वा	viditvā	gerund of vid (विद्)	having known.
योगी	yogī	nominative	the yogin.
परम्	param	accusative	supreme.
स्थानम्	sthānam	accusative	place.
उपैति	upaiti	present, 3rd singular	goes to, reaches.
च	ca	indeclinable	and.
आद्यम्	ādyam	accusative	primal, first. Agrees with sthānam (स्थानम्).

The phrases

vedeṣu yajñeṣu tapaḥsu ca eva dāneṣu (वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु च एव दानेषु) is where fruit gets assigned. In the Vedas, in sacrifices, in austerities, and in gifts. Four locatives, "in." They are the fields of merit, not the path of 8.24.

yat puṇyaphalaṃ pradiṣṭam (यत् पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम्) is whatever fruit of merit is appointed there. तत् सर्वम् अत्येति tat sarvam atyeti is what the yogin does to it. He goes beyond all of that. The fruit is not destroyed in the sentence. He passes it.

idam viditvā (इदम् विदित्वा) is "having known this." This is the chapter's teaching, the person and the two paths. योगी परं स्थानम् उपैति च आद्यम् yogī paraṃ sthānam upaiti ca ādyam is where he goes. To the supreme place, the primal one. That place is the dhāma (धाम) of 8.21.

Sanskrit in this line

The four locatives are the grammar of "in what field." vedeṣu (वेदेषु), yajñeṣu (यज्ञेषु), tapaḥsu (तपःसु), dāneṣu (दानेषु). tapas (तपस्) is an -as (अस्) stem, so its locative plural is tapaḥsu (तपःसु), visarga plus su (सु), not the --eṣu (एषु) of an a (अ)-stem. atyeti (अत्येति) is अति + एति ati + eti, "goes beyond," इ + ए i + e becoming ye (ये). The thing he goes beyond is tat sarvam (तत् सर्वम्), the fruit. The place he goes to is sthānam (स्थानम्), with upaiti (उपैति).

Say it back

The four fields, the fruit he passes, the place he reaches. If atyeti (अत्येति) comes out as "he collects the fruit," the verb has been reversed. Recite 8.7 and 8.28 together: remember and fight at all times, and this knowledge goes past the fruit.