9.15
ज्ञानयज्ञेन चाप्यन्ये
यजन्तो मामुपासते ।
एकत्वेन पृथक्त्वेन
बहुधा विश्वतोमुखम् ॥
jñānayajñena cāpy anye yajanto mām upāsate
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvatomukham
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Others too, sacrificing with the sacrifice of knowledge, worship me, whose face is turned everywhere, by oneness, by separateness, in many ways.
नेपालीमा
अरूले पनि ज्ञानको यज्ञले यज्ञ गर्दै, सबैतिर मुख फर्केको मलाई एकत्वले, पृथक्ताले र धेरै किसिमले पुज्छन्।
Where it sits
9.14 was one way, the way of praise and the bow. This verse opens the worship into other ways, including the way that knows him as one and the way that knows him as many. From here he will say that every piece of the rite is himself.
Split: ज्ञान-यज्ञेन + च + अपि + अन्ये + यजन्तः + माम् + उपासते + एकत्वेन + पृथक्त्वेन + बहुधा + विश्वतः-मुखम्
jñāna-yajñena + ca + api + anye + yajantaḥ + mām + upāsate + ekatvena + pṛthaktvena + bahudhā + viśvataḥ-mukham
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| ज्ञान-यज्ञेन | jñāna-yajñena | instrumental | by the sacrifice that is knowledge. yajña (यज्ञ) is sacrifice. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| अन्ये | anye | nominative plural | others. |
| यजन्तः | yajantaḥ | nominative plural | sacrificing. yaj (यज्). |
| माम् | mām | accusative | me. |
| उपासते | upāsate | present, 3rd plural, middle | they worship. |
| एकत्वेन | ekatvena | instrumental | by oneness. eka (एक) "one," --tva (त्व) makes the abstract. |
| पृथक्त्वेन | pṛthaktvena | instrumental | by separateness. pṛthak (पृथक्) is "apart." |
| बहुधा | bahudhā | indeclinable | in many ways. |
| विश्वतः-मुखम् | viśvataḥ-mukham | accusative | whose face is turned to every side. viśvataḥ (विश्वतः) is "from all sides." mukha (मुख) is face. |
The phrases
jñāna-yajñena ca api anye (ज्ञान-यज्ञेन च अपि अन्ये) brings in a further company. Others also worship, and the sacrifice they offer is knowledge. यजन्तः माम् उपासते yajantaḥ mām upāsate is the act: sacrificing, they worship him.
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā (एकत्वेन पृथक्त्वेन बहुधा) are three manners. By oneness, by separateness, in many ways. viśvataḥ-mukham (विश्वतः-मुखम्) is him as they worship him: the one whose face is everywhere.
Sanskrit in this line
--tva (त्व) makes a noun into "the being-so" of that word. eka (एक) becomes ekatva (एकत्व), "oneness." pṛthak (पृथक्) becomes pṛthaktva (पृथक्त्व), "separateness." The instrumental --ena (एन) on each is the manner: "by oneness," "by separateness." च + अपि + अन्ये ca + api + anye is recited cāpy anye (चाप्यन्ये).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say both manners, oneness and separateness. If one of them is left out, stay here.