12.11
अथैतदप्यशक्तोऽसि कर्तुं मद्योगमाश्रितः ।
सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं ततः कुरु यतात्मवान् ॥
athaitad apy aśakto 'si kartuṃ madyogam āśritaḥ
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ tataḥ kuru yatātmavān
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. etat (एतत्) is the step just given, the work for him.
The verse
If you are unable to do even this, then, taking refuge in my yoga, give up the fruit of every action, with the self held in check.
नेपालीमा
यदि यो पनि गर्न सक्दैनौ भने, मेरो योगमा आश्रय लिएर, आत्मालाई वशमा राखेर, हरेक कर्मको फल त्याग गर।
Where it sits
The ladder's last rung. Fixing the mind, practice, and work for him have each been too much. What remains is the giving up of fruit, and he is still inside mat-yoga (मत्-योग) when he does it.
Split: अथ + एतत् + अपि + अशक्तः + असि + कर्तुम् + मत्-योगम् + आश्रितः + सर्व-कर्म-फल-त्यागम् + ततः + कुरु + यत-आत्मवान्
atha + etat + api + aśaktaḥ + asi + kartum + mat-yogam + āśritaḥ + sarva-karma-phala-tyāgam + tataḥ + kuru + yata-ātmavān
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अथ | atha | indeclinable | now. If. |
| एतत् | etat | accusative singular neuter | this. The step of 12.10. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | even. |
| अशक्तः | aśaktaḥ | nominative singular | unable. From śak (शक्), with a- (अ-). |
| असि | asi | present, 2nd singular | you are. |
| कर्तुम् | kartum | infinitive of kṛ (कृ) | to do. |
| मत्-योगम् | mat-yogam | accusative singular | my yoga. The yoking that is mine. |
| आश्रितः | āśritaḥ | nominative singular | having taken refuge. From ā-śri (आ-श्रि). |
| सर्व-कर्म-फल-त्यागम् | sarva-karma-phala-tyāgam | accusative singular | the giving up of the fruit of every action. |
| ततः | tataḥ | indeclinable | then. |
| कुरु | kuru | imperative, 2nd singular | do. |
| यत-आत्मवान् | yata-ātmavān | nominative singular | one whose self is held. yata (यत) "restrained," ātman (आत्मन्) "self," --vān (वान्) "possessing." |
The phrases
अथ एतत् अपि अशक्तः असि कर्तुम् atha etat api aśaktaḥ asi kartum is the next person down. If you are unable to do even this. etat (एतत्) is accusative, the object of kartum (कर्तुम्). "This" is mat-karma-paramaḥ bhava (मत्-कर्म-परमः भव), not the whole chapter.
मद्योगम् आश्रितः madyogam āśritaḥ is how he stands while he does the last act. Having taken refuge in my yoga. The accusative mat-yogam (मत्-योगम्) is what he leans on. Recited madyogam (मद्योगम्): t (त्) before the voiced y (य्) becomes d (द्).
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ tataḥ kuru yatātmavān (सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं ततः कुरु यतात्मवान्) is the command. Then give up the fruit of every action, with the self held. tyāgam (त्यागम्) is the object of kuru (कुरु). yata-ātmavān (यत-आत्मवान्) describes the you who does it.
Sanskrit in this line
अथ एतत् अपि अशक्तः असि atha etat api aśaktaḥ asi is recited athaitad apy aśakto 'si (अथैतदप्यशक्तोऽसि). अथ + एतत् atha + etat is athaitat (अथैतत्), because अ + ए a + e becomes ai (ऐ). एतत् + अपि etat + api is etad api (एतदपि): t (त्) before a vowel becomes d (द्). Then the avagraha of aśaktaḥ asi (अशक्तः असि) is the same o ' (ओऽ) as in 12.10.
Say it back
What he cannot do, and what he is told to do. If karma-phala (कर्म-फल) is what he keeps, the rung was said backwards.