14.19
नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं
यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति ।
गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति
मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ॥
nānyaṃ guṇebhyaḥ kartāraṃ yadā draṣṭānupaśyati
guṇebhyaś ca paraṃ vetti madbhāvaṃ so 'dhigacchati
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
When the seer sees no doer other than the strands, and knows what is higher than the strands, he attains my being.
नेपालीमा
जब द्रष्टाले गुणबाहेक अर्को कर्ता देख्दैन, र गुणभन्दा माथिको कुरो जान्छ, तब ऊ मेरो भाव पाउँछ।
Where it sits
Direction, fruit, and birth were what the strands do with a person, and this verse turns: the seer who gives the doing back to the strands, and knows what is past them, comes to the being of Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण).
Split: न + अन्यम् + गुणेभ्यः + कर्तारम् + यदा + द्रष्टा + अनुपश्यति + गुणेभ्यः + च + परम् + वेत्ति + मत्-भावम् + सः + अधिगच्छति
na + anyam + guṇebhyaḥ + kartāram + yadā + draṣṭā + anupaśyati + guṇebhyaḥ + ca + param + vetti + mat-bhāvam + saḥ + adhigacchati
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अन्यम् | anyam | accusative masculine | other. |
| गुणेभ्यः | guṇebhyaḥ | ablative plural | than the strands. |
| कर्तारम् | kartāram | accusative | a doer. kartṛ (कर्तृ). |
| यदा | yadā | indeclinable | when. |
| द्रष्टा | draṣṭā | nominative of draṣṭṛ (द्रष्टृ) | the seer. |
| अनुपश्यति | anupaśyati | present, 3rd singular | sees. anu-dṛś (अनु-दृश्). |
| गुणेभ्यः | guṇebhyaḥ | ablative plural | than the strands. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| परम् | param | accusative neuter | what is higher. |
| वेत्ति | vetti | present, 3rd singular | he knows. vid (विद्). |
| मत्-भावम् | mat-bhāvam | accusative | my being. mat (मत्) before bh (भ्) is recited mad (मद्). |
| सः | saḥ | nominative | he. The seer. |
| अधिगच्छति | adhigacchati | present, 3rd singular | he attains, he goes to. adhi-gam (अधि-गम्). |
The phrases
na anyaṃ guṇebhyaḥ kartāraṃ yadā draṣṭā anupaśyati (न अन्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टा अनुपश्यति) is the first condition. When the seer sees no doer other than the strands. guṇebhyaḥ (गुणेभ्यः) with anyam (अन्यम्) is "other than." The doer he refuses to see is any doer besides the strands.
guṇebhyaḥ ca paraṃ vetti (गुणेभ्यः च परं वेत्ति) is the second condition, joined by ca (च). And he knows what is higher than the strands. The same ablative, now with param (परम्), "higher than."
mat-bhāvaṃ saḥ adhigacchati (मत्-भावं सः अधिगच्छति) is the result. He attains my being. saḥ (सः) is the seer.
Sanskrit in this line
guṇebhyaḥ (गुणेभ्यः) is used twice, and the two ablatives do not ask the same question. With anyam (अन्यम्), the ablative is "other than." With param (परम्), the ablative is "higher than." One case, two relations, and the verse needs both. The seer who only has the first still has not known what is past the strands. The one who only has the second has not yet taken the doing off himself.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say what the seer does not see, then what he knows, then where he goes. If kartāram (कर्तारम्) is said of the seer, stay here. He is draṣṭā (द्रष्टा), the seer. The doer he looks for is not there.