16.21
त्रिविधं नरकस्येदं द्वारं नाशनमात्मनः ।
कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभस्तस्मादेतत्त्रयं त्यजेत् ॥
trividhaṃ narakasyedaṃ dvāraṃ nāśanam ātmanaḥ
kāmaḥ krodhas tathā lobhas tasmād etat trayaṃ tyajet
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) names the gate and says to leave it.
The verse
Triple is this gate of hell, the ruin of the self: desire, anger, and greed, and therefore one should leave this triad.
नेपालीमा
नरकको यो ढोका तीन किसिमको छ, आत्माको नाश गर्ने, इच्छा, क्रोध र लोभ, त्यसैले यी तीन छाड्नुपर्छ।
Where it sits
The portrait is finished, and desire, anger, and greed are named as one gate. tyajet (त्यजेत्) tells him to leave them.
Split: त्रि-विधम् + नरकस्य + इदम् + द्वारम् + नाशनम् + आत्मनः + कामः + क्रोधः + तथा + लोभः + तस्मात् + एतत् + त्रयम् + त्यजेत्
tri-vidham + narakasya + idam + dvāram + nāśanam + ātmanaḥ + kāmaḥ + krodhaḥ + tathā + lobhaḥ + tasmāt + etat + trayam + tyajet
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| त्रि-विधम् | tri-vidham | nominative singular neuter | threefold. Triple. Of three kinds. Agrees with dvāram (द्वारम्). |
| नरकस्य | narakasya | genitive singular | of hell. |
| इदम् | idam | nominative singular neuter | this. Agrees with dvāram (द्वारम्). |
| द्वारम् | dvāram | nominative singular neuter | gate. Door. |
| नाशनम् | nāśanam | nominative singular neuter | the ruin. The destroying. In apposition with dvāram (द्वारम्). |
| आत्मनः | ātmanaḥ | genitive singular | of the self. |
| कामः | kāmaḥ | nominative singular | desire. |
| क्रोधः | krodhaḥ | nominative singular | anger. |
| तथा | tathā | indeclinable | and. Likewise. |
| लोभः | lobhaḥ | nominative singular | greed. |
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | ablative singular | therefore. From that. |
| एतत् | etat | accusative singular neuter | this. Agrees with trayam (त्रयम्). |
| त्रयम् | trayam | accusative singular neuter | the triad. The three. |
| त्यजेत् | tyajet | optative, 3rd singular of tyaj (त्यज्) | one should leave. One should abandon. |
The phrases
त्रि-विधम् नरकस्य इदम् द्वारम् नाशनम् आत्मनः tri-vidham narakasya idam dvāram nāśanam ātmanaḥ names one gate. It is threefold, it belongs to hell, and it is the ruin of the self. dvāram (द्वारम्) is singular. The threefoldness is tri-vidham (त्रि-विधम्), not yet a plural of gates.
कामः क्रोधः तथा लोभः तस्मात् एतत् त्रयम् त्यजेत् kāmaḥ krodhaḥ tathā lobhaḥ tasmāt etat trayam tyajet names the three and gives the optative. Desire, anger, and greed. Therefore one should leave this triad. tyajet (त्यजेत्) is "one should leave," not a report that someone left.
Sanskrit in this line
नरकस्य + इदम् narakasya + idam is recited narakasyedam (नरकस्येदम्). अ + इ a + i becomes e (ए). The e (ए) is idam (इदम्), "this," not a suffix on narakasya (नरकस्य). Restore idam (इदम्) and the gate is "this" gate. Lose it and hell has no pointer.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say the three nominatives and the optative. If lobhaḥ (लोभः) is dropped, the gate is no longer threefold. If tyajet (त्यजेत्) comes out as "he left," stay here.