18.46
यतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानां
येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ।
स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य
सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः ॥
yataḥ pravṛttir bhūtānāṃ yena sarvam idaṃ tatam
svakarmaṇā tam abhyarcya siddhiṃ vindati mānavaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
By worshipping, through his own action, the one from whom the activity of beings comes and by whom all this is spread, a man finds success.
नेपालीमा
जसबाट प्राणीहरूको क्रिया आउँछ र जसले यो सब फैलाउनुभएको छ, उहाँलाई आफ्नै कर्मले पूजा गरेर मानिसले सिद्धि पाउँछ।
Where it sits
This is the how of 18.45: one's own work is the worship of the one from whom beings come, and success follows that worship.
Split: यतः + प्रवृत्तिः + भूतानाम् + येन + सर्वम् + इदम् + ततम् + स्व-कर्मणा + तम् + अभ्यर्च्य + सिद्धिम् + विन्दति + मानवः
yataḥ + pravṛttiḥ + bhūtānām + yena + sarvam + idam + tatam + sva-karmaṇā + tam + abhyarcya + siddhim + vindati + mānavaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यतः | yataḥ | ablative of yad (यद्) | from whom. |
| प्रवृत्तिः | pravṛttiḥ | nominative | the stirring, the going forth of activity. |
| भूतानाम् | bhūtānām | genitive plural | of beings. |
| येन | yena | instrumental of yad (यद्) | by whom. |
| सर्वम् | sarvam | nominative neuter | all. |
| इदम् | idam | nominative neuter | this. |
| ततम् | tatam | nominative neuter | spread, pervaded. Past participle of tan (तन्), "stretch." |
| स्व-कर्मणा | sva-karmaṇā | instrumental | by his own action. |
| तम् | tam | accusative | him. The one the two relatives point to. |
| अभ्यर्च्य | abhyarcya | gerund | having worshipped. From abhi-arc (अभि-अर्च्). The prefixes take --ya (य), not --tvā (त्वा). |
| सिद्धिम् | siddhim | accusative | success. |
| विन्दति | vindati | present, 3rd singular | he finds. |
| मानवः | mānavaḥ | nominative | a man, a human. |
The phrases
yataḥ pravṛttir bhūtānām (यतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानाम्) is the first relative. From whom comes the stirring of beings. yena sarvam idaṃ tatam (येन सर्वमिदं ततम्) is the second. By whom all this is spread.
svakarmaṇā tam abhyarcya (स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य) is the worship. Having worshipped him by one's own action. tam (तम्) is the person both relatives named. The instrument is not a separate rite. It is sva-karmaṇā (स्व-कर्मणा), his own work.
siddhiṃ vindati mānavaḥ (सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः) is the finding promised in 18.45. This is the yathā (यथा).
Sanskrit in this line
iḥ (इः) before a voiced consonant becomes ir (इर्). pravṛttiḥ bhūtānām (प्रवृत्तिः भूतानाम्) is recited pravṛttir bhūtānām (प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानाम्). The same change will put r (र्) on śrīḥ (श्रीः), bhūtiḥ (भूतिः), and matiḥ (मतिः) in 18.78.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say by what he worships, and whom. If the worship is a rite beside his own work, stay here.