9.3
Tattvārtha Sūtra / 9. Saṃvara (संवर) / 9.3
तपसा निर्जरा च
tapasā nirjarā ca
The line
Austerity, wearing away and.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 9. Saṃvara (संवर) and nirjarā (निर्जरा). Stoppage, and the wearing away. The line is short. sa (स) from 9.2 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: tapasā (तपसा) + nirjarā (निर्जरा) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tapasā (तपसा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | austerity |
| nirjarā (निर्जरा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | wearing away |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
The phrases
tapasā (तपसा) is austerity. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. nirjarā (निर्जरा) is wearing away. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
nirjarā (निर्जरा) is nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tapasā (तपसा) and nirjarā (निर्जरा).