1.1.14
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.14
कार्यविरोधि कर्म
kāryavirodhi karma
The line
Action is opposed to its own effect.
नेपालीमा
कर्म आफ्नै कार्यको विरोधी हुन्छ।
Where it sits
1.1.13 put quality on the side of being destroyed by effect and by cause. This line puts action against its effect only. The effect meant is the conjunction or the disjunction the action produces. Those are named in 1.1.20 and 1.1.30.
Split: kārya-virodhi (कार्य-विरोधि) + karma (कर्म)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kārya-virodhi (कार्य-विरोधि) | nominative singular, neuter | opposed to its effect. virodhin is what blocks or stands against. |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative singular, neuter | action. |
The phrases
When the effect of an action is there, the action is not. Throwing upward ends in the conjunction it was for. The action and that result do not stand together.
virodhi is the predicate. karma (कर्म) is the subject. No verb is spoken.
Sanskrit in this line
virodhin declines like a noun. The compound is read from the end: opposed, and opposed to the effect. Two nominatives, and no verb, say 'A is B.'
Say it back
What is action opposed to?
Next
1.1.15. A substance is the inherence-cause of actions and qualities.