1.1.19
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.19
तथा गुणः
tathā guṇaḥ
The line
In the same way, a quality is a common cause.
नेपालीमा
त्यस्तै, गुण साझा कारण हो।
Where it sits
dravyam from 1.1.18 is replaced by guṇaḥ (गुणः). The predicate kāraṇaṃ (कारणं) sāmānyam (सामान्यम्) stays. 1.1.20 will not say 'in the same way' about action. It will narrow the effects.
Split: tathā (तथा) + guṇaḥ (गुणः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | in the same way. |
| guṇaḥ (गुणः) | nominative singular, masculine | a quality. |
The phrases
kāraṇam (कारणम्) sāmānyam (सामान्यम्) carries forward from 1.1.18. A quality too is a common cause.
The example that makes this true is conjunction, which is a quality. Conjunction of atoms produces a new substance. Conjunction is also among the causes of motion. One quality, conjunction, reaches all three. The line says guṇa (गुण), and leaves the example to the reader who has 1.1.6.
Sanskrit in this line
tathā (तथा) is an indeclinable of manner. It is the sūtra (सूत्र)'s way of saying 'repeat the predicate.' When you see tathā (तथा) and one noun, look back for the sentence being copied.
Say it back
What predicate is still in force?
Next
1.1.20. Action is the common cause of conjunction, disjunction, and impetus.