3.2.1
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.2.1
आत्मेन्द्रियार्थसन्निकर्षज्ञानस्य भावोऽभावश्च मनसो लिङ्गम्
ātmendriyārthasannikarṣajñānasya bhāvo 'bhāvaśca manaso liṅgam
The line
Of a compound: ātme (आत्मे), ndri (न्द्रि), yārtha (यार्थ), contact, and knowing, a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound, abhāvaśca (अभावश्च), the mind, a mark.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. The objects of the senses are established, and the self is inferred. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: ātme-ndri-yārtha-sannikarṣa-jñānasya (आत्मे-न्द्रि-यार्थ-सन्निकर्ष-ज्ञानस्य) + bhāvo (भावो) + abhāvaśca (अभावश्च) + manasaḥ (मनसः) + liṅgam (लिङ्गम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ātme-ndri-yārtha-sannikarṣa-jñānasya (आत्मे-न्द्रि-यार्थ-सन्निकर्ष-ज्ञानस्य) | genitive singular | a compound: ātme (आत्मे), ndri (न्द्रि), yārtha (यार्थ), contact, and knowing. Read it from the end |
| bhāvo (भावो) | nominative singular, masculine | a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound |
| abhāvaśca (अभावश्च) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| manasaḥ (मनसः) | nominative singular, masculine | the mind |
| liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a mark |
The phrases
ātme-ndri-yārtha-sannikarṣa-jñānasya (आत्मे-न्द्रि-यार्थ-सन्निकर्ष-ज्ञानस्य) is a compound: ātme (आत्मे), ndri (न्द्रि), yārtha (यार्थ), contact, and knowing. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive singular. bhāvo (भावो) is a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. abhāvaśca (अभावश्च) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
manasaḥ (मनसः) is the mind. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it manaso. liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) is a mark. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
ātme-ndri-yārtha-sannikarṣa-jñānasya (आत्मे-न्द्रि-यार्थ-सन्निकर्ष-ज्ञानस्य) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line writes it manaso.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss ātme-ndri-yārtha-sannikarṣa-jñānasya (आत्मे-न्द्रि-यार्थ-सन्निकर्ष-ज्ञानस्य) and bhāvo (भावो).