4.2.1
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.1
तत्पुनः पृथिव्यादिकार्यद्रव्यं त्रिविधं शरीरेन्द्रियविषयसंज्ञकम्
tatpunaḥ pṛthivyādikāryadravyaṃ trividhaṃ śarīrendriyaviṣayasaṃjñakam
The line
That, again, a compound: earth, the beginning, and the rest, an effect, and a substance, trividha (त्रिविध), a compound: the body, a sense, an object, and saṃjñaka (संज्ञक).
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The eternal and the non-eternal. Atoms. The body. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: tat (तत्) + punaḥ (पुनः) + pṛthivī-ādi-kārya-dravyaṃ (पृथिवी-आदि-कार्य-द्रव्यं) + trividhaṃ (त्रिविधं) + śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-saṃjñakam (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-संज्ञकम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | again |
| pṛthivī-ādi-kārya-dravyaṃ (पृथिवी-आदि-कार्य-द्रव्यं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: earth, the beginning, and the rest, an effect, and a substance. Read it from the end |
| trividhaṃ (त्रिविधं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | trividha (त्रिविध) |
| śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-saṃjñakam (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-संज्ञकम्) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: the body, a sense, an object, and saṃjñaka (संज्ञक). Read it from the end |
The phrases
tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. punaḥ (पुनः) is again. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as tatpunaḥ (तत्पुनः). pṛthivī-ādi-kārya-dravyaṃ (पृथिवी-आदि-कार्य-द्रव्यं) is a compound: earth, the beginning, and the rest, an effect, and a substance. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
trividhaṃ (त्रिविधं) is trividha (त्रिविध). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-saṃjñakam (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-संज्ञकम्) is a compound: the body, a sense, an object, and saṃjñaka (संज्ञक). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-saṃjñakam (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-संज्ञकम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as tatpunaḥ (तत्पुनः).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pṛthivī-ādi-kārya-dravyaṃ (पृथिवी-आदि-कार्य-द्रव्यं) and trividhaṃ (त्रिविधं).