4.2.2
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.2
प्रत्यक्षाप्रत्यक्षाणां संयोगस्याप्रत्यक्षत्वात् पञ्चात्मकं न विद्यते
pratyakṣāpratyakṣāṇāṃ saṃyogasyāpratyakṣatvāt pañcātmakaṃ na vidyate
The line
Of a compound: toward, against, akṣā (अक्षा), and direct, because of a compound: conjunction, syāpra (स्याप्र), and tyakṣatva (त्यक्षत्व), pañcātmaka (पञ्चात्मक), not is found.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The eternal and the non-eternal. Atoms. The body. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prati-akṣā-pratyakṣāṇāṃ (प्रति-अक्षा-प्रत्यक्षाणां) + saṃyoga-syāpra-tyakṣatvāt (संयोग-स्याप्र-त्यक्षत्वात्) + pañcātmakaṃ (पञ्चात्मकं) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prati-akṣā-pratyakṣāṇāṃ (प्रति-अक्षा-प्रत्यक्षाणां) | genitive plural | a compound: toward, against, akṣā (अक्षा), and direct. Read it from the end |
| saṃyoga-syāpra-tyakṣatvāt (संयोग-स्याप्र-त्यक्षत्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: conjunction, syāpra (स्याप्र), and tyakṣatva (त्यक्षत्व). Read it from the end |
| pañcātmakaṃ (पञ्चात्मकं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | pañcātmaka (पञ्चात्मक) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
The phrases
prati-akṣā-pratyakṣāṇāṃ (प्रति-अक्षा-प्रत्यक्षाणां) is a compound: toward, against, akṣā (अक्षा), and direct. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural. saṃyoga-syāpra-tyakṣatvāt (संयोग-स्याप्र-त्यक्षत्वात्) is a compound: conjunction, syāpra (स्याप्र), and tyakṣatva (त्यक्षत्व). Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. pañcātmakaṃ (पञ्चात्मकं) is pañcātmaka (पञ्चात्मक). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
saṃyoga-syāpra-tyakṣatvāt (संयोग-स्याप्र-त्यक्षत्वात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-akṣā-pratyakṣāṇāṃ (प्रति-अक्षा-प्रत्यक्षाणां) and saṃyoga-syāpra-tyakṣatvāt (संयोग-स्याप्र-त्यक्षत्वात्).
Next
4.2.3. guṇāntarāprādurbhāvācca (गुणान्तराप्रादुर्भावाच्च), not tryātmaka (त्र्यात्मक).