5.2.24
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.2.24
कारणं त्वसमवायिनो गुणाः
kāraṇaṃ tvasamavāyino guṇāḥ
The line
A cause, tvasamavāyina (त्वसमवायिन), qualities.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. Action: movement in the hand, and what sets a thing moving. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: kāraṇaṃ (कारणं) + tvasamavāyino (त्वसमवायिनो) + guṇāḥ (गुणाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kāraṇaṃ (कारणं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a cause |
| tvasamavāyino (त्वसमवायिनो) | nominative singular, masculine | tvasamavāyina (त्वसमवायिन) |
| guṇāḥ (गुणाः) | nominative plural | qualities |
The phrases
kāraṇaṃ (कारणं) is a cause. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tvasamavāyino (त्वसमवायिनो) is tvasamavāyina (त्वसमवायिन). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
guṇāḥ (गुणाः) is qualities. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
tvasamavāyino (त्वसमवायिनो) is nominative singular, masculine. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kāraṇaṃ (कारणं) and tvasamavāyino (त्वसमवायिनो).