8.1.4
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 8 / 8.1.4
गुणकर्मसु सन्निकृष्टेषु ज्ञाननिष्पत्तेः द्रव्यं कारणम्
guṇakarmasu sannikṛṣṭeṣu jñānaniṣpatteḥ dravyaṃ kāraṇam
The line
A compound: a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु), in sannikṛṣṭa (सन्निकृष्ट), of a compound: knowing, and niṣpatta (निष्पत्त), a substance, a cause.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 8. Knowing as it resides in substances. Perception, and what it does not reach. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: guṇa-karmasu (गुण-कर्मसु) + sannikṛṣṭeṣu (सन्निकृष्टेषु) + jñāna-niṣpatteḥ (ज्ञान-निष्पत्तेः) + dravyaṃ (द्रव्यं) + kāraṇam (कारणम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| guṇa-karmasu (गुण-कर्मसु) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु). Read it from the end |
| sannikṛṣṭeṣu (सन्निकृष्टेषु) | locative plural | sannikṛṣṭa (सन्निकृष्ट) |
| jñāna-niṣpatteḥ (ज्ञान-निष्पत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: knowing, and niṣpatta (निष्पत्त). Read it from the end |
| dravyaṃ (द्रव्यं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a substance |
| kāraṇam (कारणम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a cause |
The phrases
guṇa-karmasu (गुण-कर्मसु) is a compound: a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. sannikṛṣṭeṣu (सन्निकृष्टेषु) is sannikṛṣṭa (सन्निकृष्ट). It stands as locative plural. jñāna-niṣpatteḥ (ज्ञान-निष्पत्तेः) is a compound: knowing, and niṣpatta (निष्पत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
dravyaṃ (द्रव्यं) is a substance. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. kāraṇam (कारणम्) is a cause. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
jñāna-niṣpatteḥ (ज्ञान-निष्पत्तेः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss guṇa-karmasu (गुण-कर्मसु) and sannikṛṣṭeṣu (सन्निकृष्टेषु).