1.9
अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः ।
नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥
anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ
nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ sarve yuddha-viśāradāḥ
He waves at the rest of his army, the ones not worth naming one by one.
The verse
And many other heroes, their lives given up for my sake, with all sorts of weapons in hand, all of them skilled in war.
नेपालीमा
र अरू धेरै वीरहरू, मेरो लागि ज्यान दिएका, हातमा नाना हतियार लिएका, सबै युद्धमा निपुण छन्।
Where it sits
This is the boast before the anxious verse. He has the named champions, and he has a mass behind them who will die for him. 1.10 is about to measure that mass against the other, and the measuring word is not as steady as this one.
Split: अन्ये + च + बहवः + शूराः + मद्-अर्थे + त्यक्त-जीविताः + नाना-शस्त्र-प्रहरणाः + सर्वे + युद्ध-विशारदाः
anye + ca + bahavaḥ + śūrāḥ + mad-arthe + tyakta-jīvitāḥ + nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ + sarve + yuddha-viśāradāḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अन्ये | anye | nominative plural | others. |
| बहवः | bahavaḥ | nominative plural of bahu (बहु) | many. |
| शूराः | śūrāḥ | nominative plural | heroes. |
| मद्-अर्थे | mad-arthe | locative | for my sake. mad- (मद्-) is "my" inside a compound. artha (अर्थ) here is "aim, behalf." |
| त्यक्त-जीविताः | tyakta-jīvitāḥ | nominative plural, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | men whose lives are given up. Ready to die. |
| नाना-शस्त्र-प्रहरणाः | nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ | nominative plural, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | having many kinds of weapons to strike with. |
| सर्वे | sarve | nominative plural | all. |
| युद्ध-विशारदाः | yuddha-viśāradāḥ | nominative plural | skilled in war. viśārada (विशारद) is "adept." |
The phrases
anye ca bahavaḥ śūrāḥ (अन्ये च बहवः शूराः) is the subject: and many other heroes.
madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ (मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः) says what they have done with their lives. Not a verb in the past tense. A compound that describes them as men who have already set life down, for him.
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ (नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः) describes their hands. sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ (सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः) describes their skill. sarve (सर्वे) again, as in 1.6, closes a group.
Sanskrit in this line
Inside a compound, "my" is mad- (मद्-), not mama (मम). mama arthe (मम अर्थे) would be two words, "in the aim of me." मद्-अर्थे mad-arthe is one word, "for my sake." The stem of aham (अहम्) used this way is mat (मत्) / mad (मद्).
tyaktajīvitāḥ (त्यक्तजीविताः) is a bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि), the same kind of compound as maheṣvāsāḥ (महेष्वासाः) in 1.4. It does not report an action in this sentence. It tells you what kind of men are standing there. The verb they would need, "have abandoned," has already happened, offstage, and the compound is what is left.
Say it back
Say madarthe (मदर्थे) and tyaktajīvitāḥ (त्यक्तजीविताः) as one idea: for whose sake, and what they have done with their lives.