2.13
देहिनोऽस्मिन्यथा देहे कौमारं यौवनं जरा ।
तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिर्धीरस्तत्र न मुह्यति ॥
dehino 'smin yathā dehe kaumāraṃ yauvanaṃ jarā
tathā dehāntaraprāptir dhīras tatra na muhyati
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and the body and the one in the body are separated for the first time.
The verse
As childhood, youth, and old age come to the embodied one in this body, so comes the obtaining of another body; the steady one is not bewildered at that.
नेपालीमा
जसरी यस शरीरमा देहधारीकहाँ बाल्यकाल, यौवन र बुढ्यौली आउँछन्, त्यसरी अर्को शरीर प्राप्त हुन्छ। त्यसमा स्थिर मानिस अलमलिँदैन।
Where it sits
The one of 2.12 is now dehin (देहिन्): the ages pass in this body, and another body is obtained the same way. Grief that treats the change of body as the end of the person is the confusion dhīraḥ (धीरः) refuses.
Split: देहिनः + अस्मिन् + यथा + देहे + कौमारम् + यौवनम् + जरा + तथा + देह-अन्तर-प्राप्तिः + धीरः + तत्र + न + मुह्यति
dehinaḥ + asmin + yathā + dehe + kaumāram + yauvanam + jarā + tathā + deha-antara-prāptiḥ + dhīraḥ + tatra + na + muhyati
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| देहिनः | dehinaḥ | genitive singular of dehin (देहिन्) | of the embodied one, the one who has a body. |
| अस्मिन् | asmin | locative masculine | in this. |
| यथा | yathā | indeclinable | as. |
| देहे | dehe | locative | in the body. |
| कौमारम् | kaumāram | nominative neuter | childhood. |
| यौवनम् | yauvanam | nominative neuter | youth. |
| जरा | jarā | nominative feminine | old age. Feminine, and it does not change to match the neuters. |
| तथा | tathā | indeclinable | so. |
| देह-अन्तर-प्राप्तिः | deha-antara-prāptiḥ | nominative | the obtaining of another body. antara (अन्तर) is the next, the other. |
| धीरः | dhīraḥ | nominative | the steady one. |
| तत्र | tatra | indeclinable | there, at that. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| मुह्यति | muhyati | present, 3rd singular of muh (मुह्) | he is bewildered. |
The phrases
dehinaḥ asmin yathā dehe kaumāram yauvanam jarā (देहिनः अस्मिन् यथा देहे कौमारम् यौवनम् जरा) is the picture inside one body. As childhood, youth, and old age come to the embodied one in this body. देहिनः + अस्मिन् dehinaḥ + asmin is dehino 'smin (देहिनोऽस्मिन्). The three ages are a list. jarā (जरा) stays feminine beside two neuters.
tathā dehāntaraprāptiḥ (तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिः) is the same manner, across bodies. So is the obtaining of another body. देह + अन्तर deha + antara is dehāntara (देहान्तर).
dhīraḥ tatra na muhyati (धीरः तत्र न मुह्यति) is the man who is not confused by that passage. प्राप्तिः + धीरः prāptiḥ + dhīraḥ is prāptir dhīraḥ (प्राप्तिर् धीरः), because visarga after i (इ) before a voiced sound becomes r (र्). धीरः + तत्र dhīraḥ + tatra is dhīras tatra (धीरस् तत्र).
Sanskrit in this line
देहिनः + अस्मिन् dehinaḥ + asmin is recited dehino 'smin (देहिनोऽस्मिन्). अः + अ aḥ + a becomes o (ओ), and the following a (अ) drops. The mark ऽ is that dropped a (अ). It is not a sound. The word underneath is still the genitive dehinaḥ (देहिनः), "of the embodied one," and asmin dehe (अस्मिन् देहे) is "in this body." Read the avagraha as the a (अ) of asmin (अस्मिन्) when you split, and as silence when you recite.
Say it back
The three ages, and what is obtained tathā (तथा), in the same way. dehin (देहिन्) has to be the one who passes, not the body.