2.30
देही नित्यमवध्योऽयं देहे सर्वस्य भारत ।
तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥
dehī nityam avadhyo 'yaṃ dehe sarvasya bhārata
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṃ śocitum arhasi
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and this is the close of the stretch about the one in the body.
The verse
This embodied one is eternally not to be killed, Bhārata, in everyone's body; therefore you ought not to grieve for any being.
नेपालीमा
हे भारत, यो देहधारी सबैको शरीरमा सधैँ मार्न नहुने हो। त्यसैले कुनै पनि प्राणीका लागि तिमीले शोक गर्नु हुँदैन।
Where it sits
The stretch closes on dehī (देही), nitya (नित्य), avadhya (अवध्य), in the body of every being, and "you ought not to grieve" now covers all beings. The next verse looks at his own dharma.
Split: देही + नित्यम् + अवध्यः + अयम् + देहे + सर्वस्य + भारत + तस्मात् + सर्वाणि + भूतानि + न + त्वम् + शोचितुम् + अर्हसि
dehī + nityam + avadhyaḥ + ayam + dehe + sarvasya + bhārata + tasmāt + sarvāṇi + bhūtāni + na + tvam + śocitum + arhasi
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| देही | dehī | nominative of dehin (देहिन्) | the embodied one. |
| नित्यम् | nityam | indeclinable here | eternally, always. |
| अवध्यः | avadhyaḥ | nominative, gerundive | not to be killed. |
| अयम् | ayam | nominative | this one. |
| देहे | dehe | locative | in the body. |
| सर्वस्य | sarvasya | genitive | of everyone. |
| भारत | bhārata | vocative | Bhārata. |
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | indeclinable | therefore. |
| सर्वाणि | sarvāṇi | accusative plural | all. |
| भूतानि | bhūtāni | accusative plural | beings. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| शोचितुम् | śocitum | infinitive | to grieve. |
| अर्हसि | arhasi | present, 2nd singular | you ought. |
The phrases
देही नित्यम् अवध्यः अयम् देहे सर्वस्य dehī nityam avadhyaḥ ayam dehe sarvasya places him. This embodied one is eternally not to be killed, in the body of everyone. नित्यम् + अवध्यः nityam + avadhyaḥ is nityam avadhyaḥ (नित्यमवध्यः). अवध्यः + अयम् avadhyaḥ + ayam is avadhyo 'yam (अवध्योऽयम्). dehe sarvasya (देहे सर्वस्य) is "in the body of each one."
तस्मात् सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वम् शोचितुम् अर्हसि tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvam śocitum arhasi is the close. Therefore you ought not to grieve for any beings. tasmāt sarvāṇi (तस्मात् सर्वाणि) is written together, tasmāt sarvāṇi (तस्मात्सर्वाणि). शोचितुम् अर्हसि śocitum arhasi is the sentence of 2.26 and 2.27, now over all beings.
Sanskrit in this line
avadhyaḥ (अवध्यः) is the gerundive that closes the stretch, "not to be killed," from the same family as hanti (हन्ति) and hanyate (हन्यते). dehe sarvasya (देहे सर्वस्य) is locative plus genitive: in the body, of everyone. The dehī (देही) is in each body. He is not a single body standing apart from the armies. sarvāṇi bhūtāni (सर्वाणि भूतानि) are then the beings grief had taken as its object.
Say it back
Who is not to be killed, the body he is in, and the therefore. avadhyaḥ (अवध्यः) with dehe sarvasya (देहे सर्वस्य).