2.33
अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि ।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि ॥
atha cet tvam imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃgrāmaṃ na kariṣyasi
tataḥ svadharmaṃ kīrtiṃ ca hitvā pāpam avāpsyasi
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, on the other road, if he will not do this battle.
The verse
But if you will not do this righteous battle, then, having abandoned your own dharma and your fame, you will obtain pāpa (पाप).
नेपालीमा
तर यदि तिमी यो धर्मयुक्त युद्ध गर्दैनौ भने, आफ्नो धर्म र कीर्ति छाडेर तिमीले पाप पाउनेछौ।
Where it sits
This meets the wish to step out of the fight: refusing this dharmya (धर्म्य) battle is how svadharma (स्वधर्म) and kīrti (कीर्ति) are left, and pāpa (पाप) is what is then obtained. He puts Arjuna's own word for the evil of the act on the refusal, and the hell-cascade is left standing.
Split: अथ + चेत् + त्वम् + इमम् + धर्म्यम् + संग्रामम् + न + करिष्यसि + ततः + स्व-धर्मम् + कीर्तिम् + च + हित्वा + पापम् + अवाप्स्यसि
atha + cet + tvam + imam + dharmyam + saṃgrāmam + na + kariṣyasi + tataḥ + sva-dharmam + kīrtim + ca + hitvā + pāpam + avāpsyasi
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अथ | atha | indeclinable | but. |
| चेत् | cet | indeclinable | if. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| इमम् | imam | accusative masculine | this. |
| धर्म्यम् | dharmyam | accusative | righteous. |
| संग्रामम् | saṃgrāmam | accusative | the battle, the engagement. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| करिष्यसि | kariṣyasi | future, 2nd singular of kṛ (कृ) | you will do. |
| ततः | tataḥ | indeclinable | then. |
| स्व-धर्मम् | sva-dharmam | accusative | your own dharma. |
| कीर्तिम् | kīrtim | accusative | fame, the good report. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| हित्वा | hitvā | gerund of hā (हा) | having abandoned. |
| पापम् | pāpam | accusative | pāpa (पाप), the evil, the debt of the act. |
| अवाप्स्यसि | avāpsyasi | future, 2nd singular of ava-āp (अव-आप्) | you will obtain. |
The phrases
अथ चेत् त्वम् इमम् धर्म्यम् संग्रामम् न करिष्यसि atha cet tvam imam dharmyam saṃgrāmam na kariṣyasi is the if. But if you will not do this righteous battle. चेत् + त्वम् cet + tvam is cet tvam (चेत् त्वम्), written cettvam (चेत्त्वम्). त्वम् + इमम् tvam + imam is tvam imam (त्वमिमम्).
ततः स्वधर्मम् कीर्तिम् च हित्वा पापम् अवाप्स्यसि tataḥ svadharmam kīrtiṃ ca hitvā pāpam avāpsyasi is the then. Then, having abandoned your own dharma and your fame, you will obtain pāpa (पाप). पापम् + अवाप्स्यसि pāpam + avāpsyasi is pāpam avāpsyasi (पापमवाप्स्यसि). The two things left are svadharmam (स्वधर्मम्) and kīrtim (कीर्तिम्). The thing obtained is pāpam (पापम्).
Sanskrit in this line
atha cet (अथ चेत्) opens a future that has not happened, and both verbs are future: kariṣyasi (करिष्यसि), "you will do," and avāpsyasi (अवाप्स्यसि), "you will obtain." The if and the then are the same tense. hitvā (हित्वा) is the gerund between them, "having abandoned," and its subject is the you of both futures. The accusatives on either side of hitvā (हित्वा) are not the same job: svadharmam (स्वधर्मम्) and kīrtim (कीर्तिम्) are what he would leave, pāpam (पापम्) is what he would get.
Say it back
The if, and the two things left behind when he obtains pāpa (पाप).