2.52
यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिर्व्यतितरिष्यति ।
तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च ॥
yadā te mohakalilaṃ buddhir vyatitariṣyati
tadā gantāsi nirvedaṃ śrotavyasya śrutasya ca
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking, and te (ते) is Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
When your buddhi crosses the thicket of delusion, then you will come to dispassion toward what is yet to be heard and what has already been heard.
नेपालीमा
जब तिम्रो बुद्धि मोहको झाडी पार गर्छ, तब सुन्न बाँकी र सुनिसकिएको कुराप्रति वैराग्यमा तिमी पुग्छौ।
Where it sits
The buddhi that was one, and that was not established in the man of enjoyment, is now the thing that crosses, and on the far side the hunger to hear more promises goes. 2.53 says what that buddhi looks like when the crossing is finished, and what he obtains then.
Split: यदा + ते + मोह-कलिलम् + बुद्धिः + व्यतितरिष्यति + तदा + गन्तासि + निर्वेदम् + श्रोतव्यस्य + श्रुतस्य + च
yadā + te + moha-kalilam + buddhiḥ + vyatitariṣyati + tadā + gantāsi + nirvedam + śrotavyasya + śrutasya + ca
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यदा | yadā | indeclinable | when. |
| ते | te | genitive enclitic | your. |
| मोह-कलिलम् | moha-kalilam | accusative | the thicket of delusion. kalila (कलिल) is a dense tangle. |
| बुद्धिः | buddhiḥ | nominative | your buddhi. |
| व्यतितरिष्यति | vyatitariṣyati | future, 3rd singular | will cross beyond. From vi-ati-tṝ (वि-अति-तॄ). |
| तदा | tadā | indeclinable | then. |
| गन्तासि | gantāsi | periphrastic future, 2nd singular | you will go. |
| निर्वेदम् | nirvedam | accusative | dispassion. The state of having had enough. Not the Veda (वेद). |
| श्रोतव्यस्य | śrotavyasya | genitive of the future participle | of what is yet to be heard. |
| श्रुतस्य | śrutasya | genitive of the past participle | of what has been heard. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
The phrases
yadā te mohakalilaṃ buddhiḥ vyatitariṣyati (यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिः व्यतितरिष्यति) is the when. When your buddhi crosses the thicket of delusion. mohakalilam (मोहकलिलम्) is the object, the thing crossed. buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) before vy (व्य्) is recited buddhir (बुद्धिर्).
tadā gantāsi nirvedam (तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदम्) is the then. Then you will come to dispassion. nirvedam (निर्वेदम्) is the accusative of the place he arrives at. The word is niḥ (निः) plus the root that means "find, know," and here it means the disgust that is really sufficiency. It is not a name of scripture.
śrotavyasya śrutasya ca (श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च) says dispassion toward what. Toward what you would still have to hear, and toward what you have already heard. Two genitives. The flowered speech and the वेद Veda-talk of 2.42 are the kind of hearing he will be done with.
Sanskrit in this line
gantāsi (गन्तासि) is a future built out of two words that have grown together. gantṛ (गन्तृ) is "one who will go," the agent noun of gam (गम्). asi (असि) is "you are." "You are a goer" became "you will go." The ending you see is not the ordinary future --syasi (स्यसि) of vyatitariṣyati (व्यतितरिष्यति), which is sitting in the same verse so you can compare them. Same tense, two builds.
Say it back
What the buddhi crosses, and what he becomes done with. If nirvedam (निर्वेदम्) comes out as "the Veda," stay here.