2.57
यः सर्वत्रानभिस्नेहस्तत्तत्प्राप्य शुभाशुभम् ।
नाभिनन्दति न द्वेष्टि तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ॥
yaḥ sarvatrānabhisnehas tat tat prāpya śubhāśubham
nābhinandati na dveṣṭi tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking.
The verse
Who has no clinging anywhere, and who, meeting this or that, pleasant or unpleasant, does not rejoice and does not hate — his insight stands firm.
नेपालीमा
जसको कहीँ टाँसिनु छैन, र जसले शुभ वा अशुभ यो वा त्यो पाउँदा रमाउँदैन र घृणा गर्दैन, उसको प्रज्ञा दृढ उभिन्छ।
Where it sits
Where 2.56 put him in pain and in pleasure, this verse puts him in front of whatever arrives and takes both the welcome and the hatred off the table. tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā (तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता) is the line he will repeat at 2.58, 2.61, and 2.68.
Split: यः + सर्वत्र + अन-अभिस्नेहः + तत् + तत् + प्राप्य + शुभ-अशुभम् + न + अभिनन्दति + न + द्वेष्टि + तस्य + प्रज्ञा + प्रतिष्ठिता
yaḥ + sarvatra + an-abhisnehaḥ + tat + tat + prāpya + śubha-aśubham + na + abhinandati + na + dveṣṭi + tasya + prajñā + pratiṣṭhitā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यः | yaḥ | nominative | who. |
| सर्वत्र | sarvatra | indeclinable | everywhere. |
| अन-अभिस्नेहः | an-abhisnehaḥ | nominative | without clinging. abhisneha (अभिस्नेह) is a holding-on. |
| तत् | tat | accusative neuter | that. |
| तत् | tat | accusative neuter | that. The pair means "whatever comes." |
| प्राप्य | prāpya | gerund of pra-āp (प्र-आप्) | having met, having obtained. |
| शुभ-अशुभम् | śubha-aśubham | accusative | the pleasant and the unpleasant. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अभिनन्दति | abhinandati | present, 3rd singular | he welcomes, he rejoices at. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| द्वेष्टि | dveṣṭi | present, 3rd singular of dviṣ (द्विष्) | he hates. |
| तस्य | tasya | genitive | his. |
| प्रज्ञा | prajñā | nominative | insight. |
| प्रतिष्ठिता | pratiṣṭhitā | nominative feminine | set firm. Agrees with prajñā (प्रज्ञा). |
The phrases
yaḥ sarvatra anabhisnehaḥ (यः सर्वत्र अनभिस्नेहः) is the man. Who has no clinging anywhere. सर्वत्र + अनभिस्नेहः sarvatra + anabhisnehaḥ is sarvatrānabhisnehaḥ (सर्वत्रानभिस्नेहः), because अ + अ a + a becomes ā (आ). The ḥ (ः) before tat (तत्) becomes s (स्): anabhisnehas tat (अनभिस्नेहस्तत्).
tat tat prāpya śubhāśubham (तत् तत् प्राप्य शुभाशुभम्) is the moment. Having met this and that, pleasant or unpleasant. The doubled tat (तत्) is distributive. It is not one object named twice by mistake. śubhāśubham (शुभाशुभम्) is one compound, the pair.
na abhinandati na dveṣṭi (न अभिनन्दति न द्वेष्टि) is what he does not do. He does not rejoice, and he does not hate. न + अभिनन्दति na + abhinandati is nābhinandati (नाभिनन्दति).
tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā (तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता) is the refrain that will return. His insight is set firm. yaḥ (यः) at the start and tasya (तस्य) here are the pair "who ... his."
Sanskrit in this line
tat tat (तत् तत्) doubles the pronoun to mean "whatever, each thing as it comes." One tat (तत्) would be "that." The second makes it a series. It agrees with śubhāśubham (शुभाशुभम्), the pleasant-and-unpleasant thing he meets. prāpya (प्राप्य) is the gerund, "having met," and its subject is the yaḥ (यः) who also does not rejoice and does not hate.
Say it back
The man, the pair he meets, the two verbs he does not do, and the refrain. If one of the two na (न) drops out, stay here.