2.67
इन्द्रियाणां हि चरतां यन्मनोऽनुविधीयते ।
तदस्य हरति प्रज्ञां वायुर्नावमिवाम्भसि ॥
indriyāṇāṃ hi caratāṃ yan mano 'nuvidhīyate
tad asya harati prajñāṃ vāyur nāvam ivāmbhasi
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking.
The verse
The mind that follows the roaming senses carries off his insight, as the wind carries a boat on the water.
नेपालीमा
घुम्ने इन्द्रियलाई पछ्याउने मनले उसको प्रज्ञा लग्छ, जसरी हावाले पानीमा डुङ्गा लग्छ।
Where it sits
Where 2.60 had the senses carrying off the mind, this verse has that captured mind carrying off the insight. 2.68 will answer with tasmāt (तस्मात्), "therefore," and return to the refrain.
Split: इन्द्रियाणाम् + हि + चरताम् + यत् + मनः + अनुविधीयते + तत् + अस्य + हरति + प्रज्ञाम् + वायुः + नावम् + इव + अम्भसि
indriyāṇām + hi + caratām + yat + manaḥ + anuvidhīyate + tat + asya + harati + prajñām + vāyuḥ + nāvam + iva + ambhasi
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| इन्द्रियाणाम् | indriyāṇām | genitive plural | of the senses. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | indeed. |
| चरताम् | caratām | genitive plural of the participle carat (चरत्) | of those that are roaming. Agrees with indriyāṇām (इन्द्रियाणाम्). |
| यत् | yat | nominative neuter | which. |
| मनः | manaḥ | nominative | the mind. |
| अनुविधीयते | anuvidhīyate | present passive | is led along, conforms. From anu-vi-dhā (अनु-वि-धा). |
| तत् | tat | nominative neuter | that. |
| अस्य | asya | genitive | his. |
| हरति | harati | present, 3rd singular | carries off. |
| प्रज्ञाम् | prajñām | accusative | insight. |
| वायुः | vāyuḥ | nominative | the wind. |
| नावम् | nāvam | accusative of nau (नौ) | a boat. |
| इव | iva | indeclinable | as. |
| अम्भसि | ambhasi | locative of ambhas (अम्भस्) | on the water. |
The phrases
indriyāṇāṃ hi caratām (इन्द्रियाणां हि चरताम्) is whose track the mind is on. Of the senses that are roaming. Both genitive plural.
yat manaḥ anuvidhīyate (यत् मनः अनुविधीयते) is the mind. The mind which is led along after them. yat (यत्) agrees with manaḥ (मनः). यत् + मनः yat + manaḥ is recited yan manaḥ (यन् मनः): t (त्) before m (म्) becomes the dental nasal n (न्). मनः + अनुविधीयते manaḥ + anuvidhīyate is mano 'nuvidhīyate (मनोऽनुविधीयते).
तत् अस्य हरति प्रज्ञाम् tat asya harati prajñām picks the mind up with tat (तत्) and makes it the thief. That mind carries off his insight. yat (यत्) and tat (तत्) are the correlative pair, "which ... that."
वायुः नावम् इव अम्भसि vāyuḥ nāvam iva ambhasi is the picture. As the wind carries a boat on the water. वायुः before n (न्) is vāyur (वायुर्). इव + अम्भसि iva + ambhasi is ivāmbhasi (इवाम्भसि). The wind is the senses' mind. The boat is the insight. The water is where it happens.
Sanskrit in this line
yat (यत्) and tat (तत्) split one noun's job into "which" and "that." yat manaḥ (यत् मनः) is "the mind which" is led by the senses. tat (तत्) is "that mind," now the subject of harati (हरति). Do not take anuvidhīyate (अनुविधीयते) as the main verb. It is inside the relative clause. The main verb is harati (हरति).
Say it back
Which mind, what it carries off, and the wind and the boat. If prajñām (प्रज्ञाम्) comes out as the subject, the boat is steering the wind.