2.68
तस्माद्यस्य महाबाहो निगृहीतानि सर्वशः ।
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यस्तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ॥
tasmād yasya mahābāho nigṛhītāni sarvaśaḥ
indriyāṇīndriyārthebhyas tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking, to Mahābāho (महाबाहो).
The verse
Therefore, great-armed one, his insight stands firm whose senses are held back on every side from their objects.
नेपालीमा
त्यसैले हे ठूलो पाखुरा भएका, जसका इन्द्रिय चारैतिर विषयबाट रोकिन्छन्, उसको प्रज्ञा दृढ उभिन्छ।
Where it sits
Because the following mind steals the insight, the senses have to be held back from their objects, the tortoise's drawing-in said as a consequence. The portrait then leaves the senses for night and day reversed.
Split: तस्मात् + यस्य + महा-बाहो + निगृहीतानि + सर्वशः + इन्द्रियाणि + इन्द्रिय-अर्थेभ्यः + तस्य + प्रज्ञा + प्रतिष्ठिता
tasmāt + yasya + mahā-bāho + nigṛhītāni + sarvaśaḥ + indriyāṇi + indriya-arthebhyaḥ + tasya + prajñā + pratiṣṭhitā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | ablative | therefore. From that, from the boat and the wind. |
| यस्य | yasya | genitive | whose. |
| महा-बाहो | mahā-bāho | vocative of mahābāhu (महाबाहु) | great-armed. Arjuna (अर्जुन). |
| निगृहीतानि | nigṛhītāni | nominative plural neuter | held back, restrained. From ni-grah (नि-ग्रह्). |
| सर्वशः | sarvaśaḥ | indeclinable | entirely, on every side. |
| इन्द्रियाणि | indriyāṇi | nominative plural | the senses. |
| इन्द्रिय-अर्थेभ्यः | indriya-arthebhyaḥ | ablative plural | from the objects of the senses. |
| तस्य | tasya | genitive | his. |
| प्रज्ञा | prajñā | nominative | insight. |
| प्रतिष्ठिता | pratiṣṭhitā | nominative feminine | set firm. |
The phrases
tasmāt (तस्मात्) is the hinge. Therefore, because a mind that follows the senses carries the insight off. t (त्) before y (य्) is recited d (द्): tasmād yasya (तस्माद् यस्य).
yasya nigṛhītāni sarvaśaḥ indriyāṇi (यस्य निगृहीतानि सर्वशः इन्द्रियाणि) is the man, built like 2.61. Whose senses are held back on every side. The senses are nominative. They are what have been restrained. mahābāho (महाबाहो) is the call, set between yasya (यस्य) and the rest.
indriyārthebhyaḥ (इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः) is the ablative you already met with the tortoise. From the objects of the senses. इन्द्रियाणि + इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः indriyāṇi + indriyārthebhyaḥ is again indriyāṇīndriyārthebhyaḥ (इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः), and the ḥ (ः) before tasya (तस्य) is again s (स्).
tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā (तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता) is the refrain, the fourth time. yasya (यस्य) opened it, tasya (तस्य) closes it.
Sanskrit in this line
indriyārthebhyaḥ (इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः) is ablative plural, and with nigṛhītāni (निगृहीतानि) the ablative means "back from." The restraint is not a restraint in general. It is a restraint from the objects. The ending --ebhyaḥ (एभ्यः) is the plural ablative of an a (अ)-stem. You saw the singular ablative doing "from" all through 2.62 and 2.63. This is the plural of that same "from."
Say it back
The therefore, what is held back, and from what. Then the refrain. If tasmāt (तस्मात्) comes out as "meanwhile," the boat verse was wasted.