2.70
आपूर्यमाणमचलप्रतिष्ठं
समुद्रमापः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् ।
तद्वत्कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे
स शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी ॥
āpūryamāṇam acalapratiṣṭham
samudram āpaḥ praviśanti yadvat
tadvat kāmā yaṃ praviśanti sarve
sa śāntim āpnoti na kāmakāmī
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking, in four quarters of eleven syllables, one quarter to a line. Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
As waters enter the ocean that is being filled and yet does not move in its foundation, so the man whom all desires enter reaches peace, and the desirer of desires does not.
नेपालीमा
जसरी पानी भरिँदै गरेको तर जगमा नहल्लिने समुद्रमा पस्छ, त्यसरी जसमा सबै इच्छा पस्छन् त्यो मानिस शान्ति पाउँछ, र इच्छा चाहनेले पाउँदैन।
Where it sits
Desires may keep arriving, as waters keep entering an ocean that stays, and the man they enter is not the man who desires them. kāmakāmī (कामकामी) is refused the peace in the same breath, and 2.71 will give the walk itself.
Split: आपूर्यमाणम् + अचल-प्रतिष्ठम् + समुद्रम् + आपः + प्रविशन्ति + यद्वत् + तद्वत् + कामाः + यम् + प्रविशन्ति + सर्वे + सः + शान्तिम् + आप्नोति + न + काम-कामी
āpūryamāṇam + acala-pratiṣṭham + samudram + āpaḥ + praviśanti + yadvat + tadvat + kāmāḥ + yam + praviśanti + sarve + saḥ + śāntim + āpnoti + na + kāma-kāmī
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| आपूर्यमाणम् | āpūryamāṇam | accusative neuter | being filled. Present passive participle of ā-pṝ (आ-पॄ). |
| अचल-प्रतिष्ठम् | acala-pratiṣṭham | accusative neuter | its foundation unmoving. Agrees with samudram (समुद्रम्). |
| समुद्रम् | samudram | accusative | the ocean. |
| आपः | āpaḥ | nominative plural | the waters. |
| प्रविशन्ति | praviśanti | present, 3rd plural | they enter. |
| यद्वत् | yadvat | indeclinable | as. |
| तद्वत् | tadvat | indeclinable | so. |
| कामाः | kāmāḥ | nominative plural | desires. |
| यम् | yam | accusative | whom. |
| प्रविशन्ति | praviśanti | present, 3rd plural | they enter. |
| सर्वे | sarve | nominative plural | all. Agrees with kāmāḥ (कामाः). |
| सः | saḥ | nominative | he. |
| शान्तिम् | śāntim | accusative | peace. |
| आप्नोति | āpnoti | present, 3rd singular | he reaches. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| काम-कामी | kāma-kāmī | nominative | the desirer of desires. |
The phrases
आपूर्यमाणम् अचलप्रतिष्ठं समुद्रम् āpūryamāṇam acalapratiṣṭhaṃ samudram is the ocean, in the accusative, waiting for the waters. Being filled, and not moving in its foundation. Two adjectives, one noun.
āpaḥ praviśanti yadvat (आपः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत्) is the simile's verb. As the waters enter it. The ocean is full and still entered. Full is not the same as closed.
tadvat kāmāḥ yaṃ praviśanti sarve (तद्वत् कामाः यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे) is the man. So all desires enter him. yam (यम्) is the man, accusative, in the same slot as the ocean. kāmāḥ (कामाः) before yam (यम्) loses its visarga: kāmā yam (कामा यम्). tadvat (तद्वत्) answers yadvat (यद्वत्).
सः शान्तिम् आप्नोति न कामकामी saḥ śāntim āpnoti na kāmakāmī is the result and the refusal. He reaches peace; the desirer of desires does not. शान्तिम् + आप्नोति śāntim + āpnoti is śāntim āpnoti (शान्तिमाप्नोति), and the visarga of saḥ (सः) is not kept before ś (श्): sa śāntim (स शान्तिम्). Two nominatives, and na (न) on the second.
Sanskrit in this line
yadvat (यद्वत्) and tadvat (तद्वत्) are the simile pair, "as" and "so." yadvat (यद्वत्) closes the ocean sentence. tadvat (तद्वत्) opens the man. The verse is not in the eight-syllable line you have been reciting. Each line is one quarter of eleven syllables. Do not fold two of them onto one line.
Say it back
What the waters do to the ocean, what the desires do to the man, and who does not reach peace. If kāmakāmī (कामकामी) comes out as the man who reaches it, the na (न) was dropped.