2.71
विहाय कामान्यः सर्वान्पुमांश्चरति निःस्पृहः ।
निर्ममो निरहङ्कारः स शान्तिमधिगच्छति ॥
vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān pumāṃś carati niḥspṛhaḥ
nirmamo nirahaṅkāraḥ sa śāntim adhigacchati
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking.
The verse
The man who walks having left all desires, without longing, without "mine," and without "I," reaches peace.
नेपालीमा
जुन मानिस सबै इच्छा छाडेर, चाहना बिना, मेरो भन्नेपन बिना, र म भन्नेपन बिना हिँड्छ, ऊ शान्तिमा पुग्छ।
Where it sits
This is the walk Arjuna (अर्जुन) asked for: a man going along with desires left, longing gone, and "mine" and "I" not in the walking, arriving at the peace of 2.70. 2.72 names that standing and closes the chapter.
Split: विहाय + कामान् + यः + सर्वान् + पुमान् + चरति + निःस्पृहः + निर्-ममः + निर्-अहङ्कारः + सः + शान्तिम् + अधिगच्छति
vihāya + kāmān + yaḥ + sarvān + pumān + carati + niḥspṛhaḥ + nir-mamaḥ + nir-ahaṅkāraḥ + saḥ + śāntim + adhigacchati
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| विहाय | vihāya | gerund of vi-hā (वि-हा) | having left. |
| कामान् | kāmān | accusative plural | desires. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative | who. |
| सर्वान् | sarvān | accusative plural | all. Agrees with kāmān (कामान्). |
| पुमान् | pumān | nominative of puṃs (पुंस्) | a man. |
| चरति | carati | present, 3rd singular | he walks, he moves. |
| निःस्पृहः | niḥspṛhaḥ | nominative | without longing. |
| निर्-ममः | nir-mamaḥ | nominative | without "mine." mama (मम) is "of me." |
| निर्-अहङ्कारः | nir-ahaṅkāraḥ | nominative | without the I-maker. ahaṅkāra (अहङ्कार) is the making of "I." |
| सः | saḥ | nominative | he. |
| शान्तिम् | śāntim | accusative | peace. |
| अधिगच्छति | adhigacchati | present, 3rd singular | he reaches. |
The phrases
vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān (विहाय कामान् यः सर्वान्) is the man in the middle of what he has left. Who, having left all desires. कामान् + यः kāmān + yaḥ is kāmān yaḥ (कामान्यः). The gerund is finished before the walking.
pumān carati niḥspṛhaḥ (पुमान् चरति निःस्पृहः) is the walk Arjuna (अर्जुन) asked for with vrajeta (व्रजेत). A man walks, without longing. पुमान् + चरति pumān + carati is recited pumāṃś carati (पुमांश्चरति).
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ (निर्ममः निरहङ्कारः) is the same man, two more nominatives. Without "mine." Without the maker of "I." निर्ममः before the voiced n (न्) is recited nirmamo (निर्ममो).
सः शान्तिम् अधिगच्छति saḥ śāntim adhigacchati is the arrival, the same peace the ocean-man reached. He reaches peace. sa śāntim (स शान्तिम्), as in 2.70. शान्तिम् + अधिगच्छति śāntim + adhigacchati is śāntim adhigacchati (शान्तिमधिगच्छति).
Sanskrit in this line
पुमान् + चरति pumān + carati is recited pumāṃścarati (पुमांश्चरति). A final n (न्) before c (च्) or ch (छ्) becomes anusvāra plus ś (श्). The split is still pumān (पुमान्). You hear ṃś (ंश्), and you write the noun back as the nominative in n (न्). niḥ (निः) on niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः), nirmamaḥ (निर्ममः), and nirahaṅkāraḥ (निरहङ्कारः) is the same "without" you met in 2.45.
Say it back
How he walks, the three "withouts," and what he reaches. If niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः) comes out as "full of longing," stay here.