3.29
प्रकृतेर्गुणसम्मूढाः सज्जन्ते गुणकर्मसु ।
तानकृत्स्नविदो मन्दान्कृत्स्नविन्न विचालयेत् ॥
prakṛter guṇasammūḍhāḥ sajjante guṇakarmasu
tān akṛtsnavido mandān kṛtsnavin na vicālayet
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, returning to the people who cling and telling the knower to leave them at their work.
The verse
Those deluded by the qualities of nature cling to the actions of the qualities; the one who knows the whole should not unsettle those dull people who do not know the whole.
नेपालीमा
प्रकृतिका गुणले मोहितहरू गुणका कर्ममा टाँसिन्छन्। सबै जान्नेले सबै नजान्ने ती मन्द मानिसलाई हल्लाउनु हुँदैन।
Where it sits
3.26 forbade a split in their understanding, and this verse forbids the shake: the knower's knowledge is not a tool for pulling them off the work their nature is doing. 3.30 turns to Arjuna (अर्जुन) and tells him where to put his own actions.
Split: प्रकृतेः + गुण-सम्मूढाः + सज्जन्ते + गुण-कर्मसु + तान् + अकृत्स्न-विदः + मन्दान् + कृत्स्न-वित् + न + विचालयेत्
prakṛteḥ + guṇa-sammūḍhāḥ + sajjante + guṇa-karmasu + tān + akṛtsna-vidaḥ + mandān + kṛtsna-vit + na + vicālayet
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| प्रकृतेः | prakṛteḥ | genitive | of nature. |
| गुण-सम्मूढाः | guṇa-sammūḍhāḥ | nominative plural | deluded by the qualities. |
| सज्जन्ते | sajjante | present, 3rd plural | they cling. |
| गुण-कर्मसु | guṇa-karmasu | locative plural | in the actions of the qualities. |
| तान् | tān | accusative plural | them. |
| अकृत्स्न-विदः | akṛtsna-vidaḥ | accusative plural | those who do not know the whole. |
| मन्दान् | mandān | accusative plural | the dull, the slow. |
| कृत्स्न-वित् | kṛtsna-vit | nominative | the one who knows the whole. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| विचालयेत् | vicālayet | optative, causative of vi-cal (वि-चल्) | he should shake, he should unsettle. |
The phrases
prakṛteḥ guṇasammūḍhāḥ sajjante guṇakarmasu (प्रकृतेः गुणसम्मूढाः सज्जन्ते गुणकर्मसु) is their condition. Deluded by nature's qualities, they cling to the actions of the qualities. prakṛteḥ (प्रकृतेः) before the voiced g (ग्) is prakṛter (प्रकृतेर्).
तान् अकृत्स्नविदः मन्दान् tān akṛtsnavidaḥ mandān is who they are in the knower's eyes. Those dull ones, who do not know the whole. तान् + अकृत्स्न tān + akṛtsna is tān akṛtsna (तानकृत्स्न).
kṛtsnavit na vicālayet (कृत्स्नवित् न विचालयेत्) is the order. The one who knows the whole should not unsettle them. कृत्स्नवित् + न kṛtsna-vit + na is kṛtsnavin na (कृत्स्नविन्न), t (त्) before n (न्) becoming n (न्).
Sanskrit in this line
t (त्) before n (न्) becomes n (न्), and the n (न्) is doubled in the sound. kṛtsna-vit na (कृत्स्नवित् न) is recited kṛtsnavin na (कृत्स्नविन्न). You saw the same doubling, from the other side, in anārambhān naiṣkarmyam (अनारम्भान् नैष्कर्म्यम्) at 3.4. A single n (न्) in your mouth means you have dropped one of the two words.
Say it back
Who clings, and what the one who knows must not do to them. If vicālayet (विचालयेत्) loses its na (न), the verse has become the opposite order.