3.30
मयि सर्वाणि कर्माणि संन्यस्याध्यात्मचेतसा ।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः ॥
mayi sarvāṇi karmāṇi saṃnyasyādhyātmacetasā
nirāśīr nirmamo bhūtvā yudhyasva vigatajvaraḥ
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking to Arjuna (अर्जुन), and the command is no longer general: it is yudhyasva (युध्यस्व).
The verse
Laying all actions on me, with your mind on the self, having become free of hope and free of "mine," fight, the fever gone.
नेपालीमा
सबै कर्म ममा राखेर, मन आत्मामा राखेर, आशा र मेरो भन्ने भाव छाडेर, ज्वर गएपछि लडाइँ गर।
Where it sits
The chapter's command arrives at the battle he is refusing, and the laying-down is not the laying-down of the fight but the laying of the fight onto Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). 3.31 and 3.32 sort the people who take this teaching up and the people who sneer at it.
Split: मयि + सर्वाणि + कर्माणि + संन्यस्य + अध्यात्म-चेतसा + निर्-आशीः + निर्-ममः + भूत्वा + युध्यस्व + विगत-ज्वरः
mayi + sarvāṇi + karmāṇi + saṃnyasya + adhyātma-cetasā + nir-āśīḥ + nir-mamaḥ + bhūtvā + yudhyasva + vigata-jvaraḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| मयि | mayi | locative | in me, on me. |
| सर्वाणि | sarvāṇi | accusative plural | all. |
| कर्माणि | karmāṇi | accusative plural | actions. |
| संन्यस्य | saṃnyasya | gerund of sam-ni-as (सम्-नि-अस्) | having laid down, having resigned. |
| अध्यात्म-चेतसा | adhyātma-cetasā | instrumental | with a mind set on the self. |
| निर्-आशीः | nir-āśīḥ | nominative | without expectation. āśīs (आशीस्) is a hope, a request. |
| निर्-ममः | nir-mamaḥ | nominative | without "mine." |
| भूत्वा | bhūtvā | gerund of bhū (भू) | having become. |
| युध्यस्व | yudhyasva | imperative, 2nd singular, middle of yudh (युध्) | fight. |
| विगत-ज्वरः | vigata-jvaraḥ | nominative | he whose fever is gone. |
The phrases
mayi sarvāṇi karmāṇi saṃnyasya adhyātmacetasā (मयि सर्वाणि कर्माणि संन्यस्य अध्यात्मचेतसा) is where the actions go before the fight. Laying all actions on me, with the mind on the self. संन्यस्य + अध्यात्म saṃnyasya + adhyātma is saṃnyasyādhyātma (संन्यस्याध्यात्म).
निर्-आशीः निर्-ममः भूत्वा nirāśīḥ nirmamaḥ bhūtvā is the person who then fights. Having become one with no expectation and no "mine." nirāśīḥ (निराशीः) before the voiced n (न्) is nirāśīr (निराशीर्). nirmamaḥ (निर्ममः) before bhūtvā (भूत्वा) is nirmamo (निर्ममो).
yudhyasva vigatajvaraḥ (युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः) is the command and the last description. Fight, the fever gone. The fever is the heat of the hope and the "mine" he has just put down.
Sanskrit in this line
īḥ (ईः) before a voiced consonant becomes īr (ईर्). nirāśīḥ nirmamaḥ (निराशीः निर्ममः) is recited nirāśīr nirmamaḥ (निराशीर्निर्ममः). Same change you have been hearing on iḥ (इः) and uḥ (उः), now on the long ī (ई). The hope-word and the mine-word are one cluster. Both still have to be said.
Say it back
Where the actions are laid, what he becomes, and the one imperative. If yudhyasva (युध्यस्व) becomes "renounce," the verse has been replaced.