3.32
ये त्वेतदभ्यसूयन्तो नानुतिष्ठन्ति मे मतम् ।
सर्वज्ञानविमूढांस्तान्विद्धि नष्टानचेतसः ॥
ye tv etad abhyasūyanto nānutiṣṭhanti me matam
sarvajñānavimūḍhāṃs tān viddhi naṣṭān acetasaḥ
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and tu (तु) turns from the faithful to the ones who find fault.
The verse
But those who sneer at this and do not practice my teaching — know them as lost, mindless, deluded in every knowledge.
नेपालीमा
तर जसले यसको खिल्ली उडाउँछन् र मेरो शिक्षा पालन गर्दैनन्, तिनीहरूलाई नष्ट, अचेत, सबै ज्ञानमा मोहित भनेर बुझ।
Where it sits
3.31 and 3.32 are a pair, the same matam (मतम्) taken up or refused, and the refusal is to be known as ruin. 3.33 will say why knowledge alone does not pull a person off his nature.
Split: ये + तु + एतत् + अभ्यसूयन्तः + न + अनुतिष्ठन्ति + मे + मतम् + सर्व-ज्ञान-विमूढान् + तान् + विद्धि + नष्टान् + अचेतसः
ye + tu + etat + abhyasūyantaḥ + na + anutiṣṭhanti + me + matam + sarva-jñāna-vimūḍhān + tān + viddhi + naṣṭān + acetasaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| ये | ye | nominative plural | who. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. |
| एतत् | etat | accusative | this. |
| अभ्यसूयन्तः | abhyasūyantaḥ | nominative plural | sneering, finding fault. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अनुतिष्ठन्ति | anutiṣṭhanti | present, 3rd plural | they practice. |
| मे | me | genitive | my. |
| मतम् | matam | accusative | teaching. |
| सर्व-ज्ञान-विमूढान् | sarva-jñāna-vimūḍhān | accusative plural | deluded in every knowledge. |
| तान् | tān | accusative plural | them. |
| विद्धि | viddhi | imperative, 2nd singular | know. |
| नष्टान् | naṣṭān | accusative plural | lost, ruined. |
| अचेतसः | acetasaḥ | accusative plural of acetas (अचेतस्) | mindless, without understanding. |
The phrases
ये तु एतत् अभ्यसूयन्तः न अनुतिष्ठन्ति मे मतम् ye tu etat abhyasūyantaḥ na anutiṣṭhanti me matam is the refusal. But those who, sneering at this, do not practice my teaching. तु + एतत् tu + etat is tv etat (त्वेतत्). etat (एतत्) before the vowel is etad (एतद्). abhyasūyantaḥ (अभ्यसूयन्तः) before na (न) is abhyasūyanto (अभ्यसूयन्तो), and न + अनुतिष्ठन्ति na + anutiṣṭhanti is nānutiṣṭhanti (नानुतिष्ठन्ति).
सर्वज्ञानविमूढान् तान् विद्धि नष्टान् अचेतसः sarvajñānavimūḍhān tān viddhi naṣṭān acetasaḥ is what to think of them. Know them as lost, mindless, deluded in all knowledge. विमूढान् + तान् vimūḍhān + tān is vimūḍhāṃs tān (विमूढांस्तान्). तान् + विद्धि tān + viddhi keeps the n (न्) before v (व्): tān viddhi (तान्विद्धि).
Sanskrit in this line
acetasaḥ (अचेतसः) is accusative plural, agreeing with tān (तान्), not a genitive hanging off the sentence. The stem is acetas (अचेतस्), "without mind." The accusative plural of an --as (अस्) stem is --asaḥ (असः). It looks like a genitive singular. The neighbors naṣṭān (नष्टान्) and tān (तान्) tell you it is not. All three are "them."
Say it back
What they do with the teaching, and the three accusatives he must apply to them. If acetasaḥ (अचेतसः) is read as "of the mindless one," the object of viddhi (विद्धि) has been broken.