3.31
ये मे मतमिदं नित्यमनुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः ।
श्रद्धावन्तोऽनसूयन्तो मुच्यन्ते तेऽपि कर्मभिः ॥
ye me matam idaṃ nityam anutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ
śraddhāvanto 'nasūyanto mucyante te 'pi karmabhiḥ
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and me matam (मे मतम्) is the teaching he has just given, including the command to fight.
The verse
People who always practice this teaching of mine, with faith and without finding fault, they too are freed from actions.
नेपालीमा
जसले श्रद्धा राखेर र दोष नखोजी मेरो यो शिक्षालाई सधैँ पालन गर्छन्, तिनीहरू पनि कर्मबाट मुक्त हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
The teaching now has a condition of reception: faith, and the absence of the sneer. 3.32 is the same matam (मतम्) from the other side, the people who will not stand by it.
Split: ये + मे + मतम् + इदम् + नित्यम् + अनुतिष्ठन्ति + मानवाः + श्रद्धावन्तः + अनसूयन्तः + मुच्यन्ते + ते + अपि + कर्मभिः
ye + me + matam + idam + nityam + anutiṣṭhanti + mānavāḥ + śraddhāvantaḥ + anasūyantaḥ + mucyante + te + api + karmabhiḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| ये | ye | nominative plural | who. |
| मे | me | genitive enclitic | my. |
| मतम् | matam | accusative | teaching, what is held. |
| इदम् | idam | accusative | this. |
| नित्यम् | nityam | accusative, adverbial | always. |
| अनुतिष्ठन्ति | anutiṣṭhanti | present, 3rd plural | they practice, they stand by it. |
| मानवाः | mānavāḥ | nominative plural | humans. |
| श्रद्धावन्तः | śraddhāvantaḥ | nominative plural | having faith. |
| अनसूयन्तः | anasūyantaḥ | nominative plural | not sneering, not finding fault. |
| मुच्यन्ते | mucyante | present, 3rd plural, passive | they are freed. |
| ते | te | nominative plural | they. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also, even. |
| कर्मभिः | karmabhiḥ | instrumental plural | from actions. |
The phrases
ये मे मतम् इदम् नित्यम् अनुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः ye me matam idaṃ nityam anutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ is the practice. People who always stand by this teaching of mine. मतम् + इदम् matam + idam is matam idam (मतमिदम्). नित्यम् + अनुतिष्ठन्ति nityam + anutiṣṭhanti is nityam anutiṣṭhanti (नित्यमनुतिष्ठन्ति).
śraddhāvantaḥ anasūyantaḥ (श्रद्धावन्तः अनसूयन्तः) is the manner. With faith, and without the sneer. The two participles join by अः + अ aḥ + a: śraddhāvanto 'nasūyantaḥ (श्रद्धावन्तोऽनसूयन्तः).
mucyante te api karmabhiḥ (मुच्यन्ते ते अपि कर्मभिः) is the result. They too are freed from actions. ते + अपि te + api is te 'pi (तेऽपि). The api (अपि) matters. Freedom is not reserved for the man of 3.17. It reaches the one who practices this.
Sanskrit in this line
श्रद्धावन्तः + अनसूयन्तः śraddhāvantaḥ + anasūyantaḥ is śraddhāvanto 'nasūyantaḥ (श्रद्धावन्तोऽनसूयन्तः). Two nominative plurals, one recited cluster, the avagraha marking the dropped a (अ). Both words are required. Faith without the second word is not what the line says, and a sneerless silence without faith is not what it says either.
Say it back
Who is freed, and the two participles they carry. If anasūyantaḥ (अनसूयन्तः) drops, any devout reciter has been substituted for the person the verse names.