3.41
तस्मात्त्वमिन्द्रियाण्यादौ नियम्य भरतर्षभ ।
पाप्मानं प्रजहि ह्येनं ज्ञानविज्ञाननाशनम् ॥
tasmāt tvam indriyāṇy ādau niyamya bharatarṣabha
pāpmānaṃ prajahi hy enaṃ jñānavijñānanāśanam
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and tasmāt (तस्मात्) draws the order out of the seat just named.
The verse
Therefore, bull of the Bharatas, having first controlled the senses, kill this evil, the destroyer of knowledge and of knowing.
नेपालीमा
त्यसैले, हे भरतहरूका वृषभ, पहिले इन्द्रियहरू वशमा राखेर, ज्ञान र जान्ने कुराको नाश गर्ने यो पापलाई मार।
Where it sits
The seat was senses, mind, and buddhi, and the attack starts at the senses, against the enemy of 3.37, here the destroyer of knowledge and of knowing. 3.42 says what stands above the buddhi, so the kill in 3.43 has a place to be made from.
Split: तस्मात् + त्वम् + इन्द्रियाणि + आदौ + नियम्य + भरत-ऋषभ + पाप्मानम् + प्रजहि + हि + एनम् + ज्ञान-विज्ञान-नाशनम्
tasmāt + tvam + indriyāṇi + ādau + niyamya + bharata-ṛṣabha + pāpmānam + prajahi + hi + enam + jñāna-vijñāna-nāśanam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | indeclinable | therefore. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| इन्द्रियाणि | indriyāṇi | accusative plural | the senses. |
| आदौ | ādau | locative | at the beginning, first. |
| नियम्य | niyamya | gerund | having controlled. |
| भरत-ऋषभ | bharata-ṛṣabha | vocative | bull of the Bharatas, best of them. Recited bharatarṣabha (भरतर्षभ). |
| पाप्मानम् | pāpmānam | accusative of pāpman (पाप्मन्) | the evil one. |
| प्रजहि | prajahi | imperative, 2nd singular of pra-hā (प्र-हा) | kill, strike down. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | indeed. |
| एनम् | enam | accusative | this one. |
| ज्ञान-विज्ञान-नाशनम् | jñāna-vijñāna-nāśanam | accusative | the destroyer of knowledge and of knowing. |
The phrases
तस्मात् त्वम् इन्द्रियाणि आदौ नियम्य भरतर्षभ tasmāt tvam indriyāṇi ādau niyamya bharatarṣabha is the first move. Therefore, bull of the Bharatas, having first controlled the senses. त्वम् + इन्द्रियाणि tvam + indriyāṇi is tvam indriyāṇi (त्वमिन्द्रियाणि). इन्द्रियाणि + आदौ indriyāṇi + ādau is indriyāṇy ādau (इन्द्रियाण्यादौ). भरत + ऋषभ bharata + ṛṣabha is bharatarṣabha (भरतर्षभ), अ + ऋ a + ṛ becoming ar (अर्).
पाप्मानम् प्रजहि हि एनम् ज्ञानविज्ञाननाशनम् pāpmānaṃ prajahi hi enam jñānavijñānanāśanam is the kill. Strike this evil down, the destroyer of knowledge and of knowing. हि + एनम् hi + enam is hy enam (ह्येनम्). prajahi (प्रजहि) stays itself before that hi (हि). The line does not fuse them into one long ī (ई).
Sanskrit in this line
prajahi (प्रजहि) is the imperative of hā (हा), "abandon, strike down," with pra (प्र). hā (हा) reduplicates in the present, and the second-person imperative is jahi (जहि), not a form you can build by adding --hi (हि) to a full stem you already know. You meet it here, and again without the prefix as jahi (जहि) in 3.43. Same order, same enemy.
Say it back
What he controls first, and what he kills. If ādau (आदौ) drops, the senses become one item on a list. The verse makes them the beginning.