3.40
इन्द्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिरस्याधिष्ठानमुच्यते ।
एतैर्विमोहयत्येष ज्ञानमावृत्य देहिनम् ॥
indriyāṇi mano buddhir asyādhiṣṭhānam ucyate
etair vimohayaty eṣa jñānam āvṛtya dehinam
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and asya (अस्य) is the enemy's, these being the places it occupies.
The verse
The senses, the mind, and the buddhi are called its seat; by these it bewilders the embodied one, having covered knowledge.
नेपालीमा
इन्द्रिय, मन र बुद्धिलाई यसको बस्ने ठाउँ भनिन्छ। यीद्वारा यसले ज्ञान ढाकेर शरीर बोक्नेलाई अलमल्याउँछ।
Where it sits
Desire stands in the senses, the mind, and the buddhi, and from there it covers knowledge and bewilders the one who lives in the body. 3.41 says to seize it first at the senses.
Split: इन्द्रियाणि + मनः + बुद्धिः + अस्य + अधिष्ठानम् + उच्यते + एतैः + विमोहयति + एषः + ज्ञानम् + आवृत्य + देहिनम्
indriyāṇi + manaḥ + buddhiḥ + asya + adhiṣṭhānam + ucyate + etaiḥ + vimohayati + eṣaḥ + jñānam + āvṛtya + dehinam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| इन्द्रियाणि | indriyāṇi | nominative plural | the senses. |
| मनः | manaḥ | nominative | the mind. |
| बुद्धिः | buddhiḥ | nominative | the buddhi. |
| अस्य | asya | genitive | its. The enemy's, desire's. |
| अधिष्ठानम् | adhiṣṭhānam | nominative | the seat, the place it stands. |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present, 3rd singular, passive | is called. |
| एतैः | etaiḥ | instrumental plural | by these. |
| विमोहयति | vimohayati | present, 3rd singular, causative | it bewilders. |
| एषः | eṣaḥ | nominative | this one. Desire. |
| ज्ञानम् | jñānam | accusative | knowledge. |
| आवृत्य | āvṛtya | gerund | having covered. |
| देहिनम् | dehinam | accusative | the embodied one. |
The phrases
इन्द्रियाणि मनः बुद्धिः अस्य अधिष्ठानम् उच्यते indriyāṇi manaḥ buddhiḥ asya adhiṣṭhānam ucyate names the seat. The senses, the mind, and the buddhi are called its standing-place. मनः + बुद्धिः manaḥ + buddhiḥ is mano buddhiḥ (मनो बुद्धिः). बुद्धिः + अस्य buddhiḥ + asya is buddhir asya (बुद्धिरस्य). अस्य + अधिष्ठानम् asya + adhiṣṭhānam is asyādhiṣṭhānam (अस्याधिष्ठानम्).
एतैः विमोहयति एषः ज्ञानम् आवृत्य देहिनम् etaiḥ vimohayati eṣaḥ jñānam āvṛtya dehinam is what it does from that seat. By these it bewilders the embodied one, having covered knowledge. etaiḥ (एतैः) before the voiced v (व्) is etair (एतैर्). विमोहयति + एषः vimohayati + eṣaḥ is vimohayaty eṣa (विमोहयत्येष), and eṣaḥ (एषः) before a consonant is eṣa (एष).
Sanskrit in this line
manaḥ (मनः) before a voiced consonant becomes mano (मनो). manaḥ buddhiḥ (मनः बुद्धिः) is recited mano buddhiḥ (मनो बुद्धिः). aḥ (अः) before a voiced sound becoming o (ओ) is the ordinary rule. The pronoun saḥ (सः) was the exception, in 3.7. manas (मनस्) is not that pronoun. It takes the o (ओ).
Say it back
The three that are its seat, and what it does from them. If buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) is left off the list, the enemy has been kept out of the very faculty 3.1 was asking about.