5.28
यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिर्मुनिर्मोक्षपरायणः ।
विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधो यः सदा मुक्त एव सः ॥
yatendriyamanobuddhir munir mokṣaparāyaṇaḥ
vigatecchābhayakrodho yaḥ sadā mukta eva saḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The man omitted from 5.27 arrives, and the sentence that began with the contacts and the breaths now closes.
The verse
The sage whose senses, mind, and intellect are held, whose resort is release, and from whom desire, fear, and anger have gone — he is always already released.
नेपालीमा
जसका इन्द्रिय, मन र बुद्धि वशमा छन्, जसको आश्रय मोक्ष हो, र जसबाट चाहना, भय र क्रोध गएका छन्, त्यो मुनि सधैँ मुक्त नै हो।
Where it sits
5.27 arranged the contacts, the eye, and the breaths, and left the sentence open. This verse names him and closes it. The one who holds the body that way, with desire and fear and anger gone, is free while he is still that sage. The last verse of the chapter will say whom he knows.
Split: यत-इन्द्रिय-मनः-बुद्धिः + मुनिः + मोक्ष-परायणः + विगत-इच्छा-भय-क्रोधः + यः + सदा + मुक्तः + एव + सः
yata-indriya-manaḥ-buddhiḥ + muniḥ + mokṣa-parāyaṇaḥ + vigata-icchā-bhaya-krodhaḥ + yaḥ + sadā + muktaḥ + eva + saḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यत-इन्द्रिय-मनः-बुद्धिः | yata-indriya-manaḥ-buddhiḥ | nominative singular, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | one whose senses, mind, and intellect are held. |
| मुनिः | muniḥ | nominative singular | the sage. |
| मोक्ष-परायणः | mokṣa-parāyaṇaḥ | nominative singular, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | one whose last resort is release. |
| विगत-इच्छा-भय-क्रोधः | vigata-icchā-bhaya-krodhaḥ | nominative singular, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | one from whom desire, fear, and anger have gone. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative singular | who. |
| सदा | sadā | indeclinable | always. |
| मुक्तः | muktaḥ | nominative singular | released. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | already. Indeed. |
| सः | saḥ | nominative singular | he. |
The phrases
yatendriyamanobuddhiḥ muniḥ mokṣaparāyaṇaḥ (यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिः मुनिः मोक्षपरायणः) is the sage: senses, mind, and intellect held, his resort release. He is the one who did the two kṛtvā (कृत्वा) of 5.27.
vigatecchābhayakrodhaḥ (विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधः) adds what has left him. Desire, fear, and anger are gone. yaḥ sadā muktaḥ eva saḥ (यः सदा मुक्तः एव सः) is the close. Who is that man, he is always already released. eva (एव) presses muktaḥ (मुक्तः). The release is not waiting for the body to be left. 5.23 had put the test before that leaving. This verse says the result is already true.
manaḥ buddhiḥ (मनः बुद्धिः) inside the compound is recited manobuddhiḥ (मनोबुद्धिः). muniḥ mokṣa (मुनिः मोक्ष) is recited munir mokṣa (मुनिर्मोक्ष). krodhaḥ yaḥ (क्रोधः यः) is recited krodho yaḥ (क्रोधो यः). muktaḥ eva (मुक्तः एव) is recited mukta eva (मुक्त एव).
Sanskrit in this line
aḥ (अः) has two outcomes in this one verse, and the next sound decides. Before the voiced consonant y (य्), krodhaḥ yaḥ (क्रोधः यः) becomes krodho yaḥ (क्रोधो यः). The aḥ (अः) has turned into o (ओ). Before the vowel e (ए), muktaḥ eva (मुक्तः एव) becomes mukta eva (मुक्त एव). The visarga drops, the a (अ) stays, and there is a hiatus. Same ending, two recited shapes. Split both back to aḥ (अः).
Say it back
Close 5.27 with this man, and say sadā muktaḥ eva (सदा मुक्तः एव). If the release is postponed until he leaves the body, stay here.