6.4
यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते ।
सर्वसङ्कल्पसंन्यासी योगारूढस्तदोच्यते ॥
yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu na karmasv anuṣajjate
sarvasaṅkalpasaṃnyāsī yogārūḍhas tadocyate
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking.
The verse
When he does not cling in the objects of the senses and does not cling in actions, then he is called one who has climbed onto yoga, a renouncer of every resolve.
नेपालीमा
जब ऊ इन्द्रियका विषयमा टाँसिँदैन र कर्ममा पनि टाँसिँदैन, तब सबै सङ्कल्प त्याग्ने उसलाई योगमा चढिसकेको भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
6.3 used yogārūḍha (योगारूढ) without saying how you know the man has climbed. This verse is the test. The climb is finished when the clinging stops, in objects and in the action itself.
Split: यदा + हि + न + इन्द्रिय-अर्थेषु + न + कर्मसु + अनुषज्जते + सर्व-सङ्कल्प-संन्यासी + योग-आरूढः + तदा + उच्यते
yadā + hi + na + indriya-artheṣu + na + karmasu + anuṣajjate + sarva-saṅkalpa-saṃnyāsī + yoga-ārūḍhaḥ + tadā + ucyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यदा | yadā | indeclinable | when. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | indeed. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| इन्द्रिय-अर्थेषु | indriya-artheṣu | locative plural | in the objects of the senses. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| कर्मसु | karmasu | locative plural | in actions. |
| अनुषज्जते | anuṣajjate | present, 3rd singular, middle | he clings. anu (अनु) "after, along," sañj (सञ्ज्) "stick." |
| सर्व-सङ्कल्प-संन्यासी | sarva-saṅkalpa-saṃnyāsī | nominative singular | renouncer of every resolve. |
| योग-आरूढः | yoga-ārūḍhaḥ | nominative singular | one who has climbed onto yoga. |
| तदा | tadā | indeclinable | then. |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present passive, 3rd singular | he is called. |
The phrases
yadā (यदा) opens, tadā (तदा) closes. The test in the middle is two na (न) clauses and one verb. He does not cling in the objects of the senses, and he does not cling in actions.
sarvasaṅkalpasaṃnyāsī (सर्वसङ्कल्पसंन्यासी) is the name he earns, and yogārūḍhaḥ (योगारूढः) is the other name, from 6.3. Both are what he is called.
na indriyārtheṣu (न इन्द्रियार्थेषु) is recited nendriyārtheṣu (नेन्द्रियार्थेषु). karmasu anuṣajjate (कर्मसु अनुषज्जते) is recited karmasvanuṣajjate (कर्मस्वनुषज्जते). tadā ucyate (तदा उच्यते) is recited tadocyate (तदोच्यते). yogārūḍhaḥ (योगारूढः) before tadā (तदा) is yogārūḍhas (योगारूढस्).
Sanskrit in this line
ā (आ) plus u (उ) becomes o (ओ). tadā ucyate (तदा उच्यते) is one sound, tadocyate (तदोच्यते). The same joining put śīta (शीत) and uṣṇa (उष्ण) together in 6.7. Learn it here, where the two words are still easy to see: "then" and "is called."
Say it back
When, and then. Two places he does not cling. If the second na (न), the one before karmasu (कर्मसु), is dropped, he has only left the sense objects, and the verse is not done.