6.18
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते ।
निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा ॥
yadā viniyataṃ cittam ātmany evāvatiṣṭhate
niḥspṛhaḥ sarvakāmebhyo yukta ity ucyate tadā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking.
The verse
When the held mind stands in the self alone, and he is without craving for any desire, then he is called yoked.
नेपालीमा
जब समातिएको मन आत्मामा मात्र उभिन्छ, र ऊ कुनै पनि इच्छाप्रति तृष्णारहित हुन्छ, तब उसलाई युक्त भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
6.8 introduced yukta (युक्त) as a name. This verse gives the inner test. The mind stays in the self, and the craving has nothing left to lean toward.
Split: यदा + विनियतम् + चित्तम् + आत्मनि + एव + अवतिष्ठते + निःस्पृहः + सर्व-कामेभ्यः + युक्तः + इति + उच्यते + तदा
yadā + viniyatam + cittam + ātmani + eva + avatiṣṭhate + niḥspṛhaḥ + sarva-kāmebhyaḥ + yuktaḥ + iti + ucyate + tadā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यदा | yadā | indeclinable | when. |
| विनियतम् | viniyatam | nominative singular | well held, restrained. Agrees with cittam (चित्तम्). |
| चित्तम् | cittam | nominative singular | the mind. |
| आत्मनि | ātmani | locative singular | in the self. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | alone. |
| अवतिष्ठते | avatiṣṭhate | present, 3rd singular, middle | it stays, it stands. ava-sthā (अव-स्था). |
| निःस्पृहः | niḥspṛhaḥ | nominative singular | without craving. The man. |
| सर्व-कामेभ्यः | sarva-kāmebhyaḥ | ablative plural | from all desires. |
| युक्तः | yuktaḥ | nominative singular | yoked. |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. "Called." |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present passive, 3rd singular | he is called. |
| तदा | tadā | indeclinable | then. |
The phrases
yadā (यदा) and tadā (तदा) frame the verse, as they did in 6.4. When the held mind stands in the self alone, then he is called yoked.
niḥspṛhaḥ sarvakāmebhyaḥ (निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यः) is the man at that moment. Without craving, and the ablative says away from what: all desires.
चित्तम् आत्मनि cittam ātmani is cittamātmani (चित्तमात्मनि). ātmani eva avatiṣṭhate (आत्मनि एव अवतिष्ठते) is ātmanyevāvatiṣṭhate (आत्मन्येवावतिष्ठते). kāmebhyaḥ (कामेभ्यः) before yuktaḥ (युक्तः) is kāmebhyo (कामेभ्यो). yuktaḥ iti ucyate (युक्तः इति उच्यते) is yukta ityucyate (युक्त इत्युच्यते).
Sanskrit in this line
niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः) takes the ablative. "Without craving" still needs to say from what, and sarvakāmebhyaḥ (सर्वकामेभ्यः) answers with "from all desires." The ablative is the case of away-from. The ending --ebhyaḥ (एभ्यः) is the plural. Before a voiced consonant, --aḥ (अः) is recited --o (ओ): kāmebhyo (कामेभ्यो).
Say it back
When the mind stands, and where. If ātmani (आत्मनि) is replaced by "on the seat," the verse has gone back to 6.12.