6.32
आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन ।
सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं स योगी परमो मतः ॥
ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṃ paśyati yo 'rjuna
sukhaṃ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṃ sa yogī paramo mataḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, and he closes the long stretch by naming Arjuna.
The verse
Who sees the same everywhere by the likeness of his own self, whether happiness or pain, that yogin is held to be the highest, Arjuna.
नेपालीमा
आफ्नै आत्माको उपमाले जसले सबैतिर उस्तै देख्छ, सुख होस् वा दुःख, त्यो योगी सर्वोच्च मानिन्छ, हे अर्जुन।
Where it sits
This closes the stretch that began with the solitary seat. The highest yogin is the one whose seeing is even, measured by what he himself knows of happiness and pain. Arjuna answers at 6.33, and the answer is that the mind will not hold still.
Split: आत्म-औपम्येन + सर्वत्र + समम् + पश्यति + यः + अर्जुन + सुखम् + वा + यदि + वा + दुःखम् + सः + योगी + परमः + मतः
ātma-aupamyena + sarvatra + samam + paśyati + yaḥ + arjuna + sukham + vā + yadi + vā + duḥkham + saḥ + yogī + paramaḥ + mataḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| आत्म-औपम्येन | ātma-aupamyena | instrumental singular | by likeness to one's own self. aupamya (औपम्य) is comparison. |
| सर्वत्र | sarvatra | indeclinable | everywhere. |
| समम् | samam | accusative singular | the same. |
| पश्यति | paśyati | present, 3rd singular | he sees. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative singular | who. |
| अर्जुन | arjuna | vocative | Arjuna. |
| सुखम् | sukham | accusative singular | happiness. |
| वा | vā | indeclinable | or. |
| यदि | yadi | indeclinable | if, whether. |
| वा | vā | indeclinable | or. |
| दुःखम् | duḥkham | accusative singular | pain. |
| सः | saḥ | nominative singular | he. |
| योगी | yogī | nominative singular | the yogin. |
| परमः | paramaḥ | nominative singular | the highest. |
| मतः | mataḥ | nominative singular | is held, is thought. From man (मन्). |
The phrases
yaḥ paśyati (यः पश्यति) is the man. ātmaupamyena sarvatra samam (आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समम्) is how he sees: everywhere the same, by taking his own self as the likeness. सुखम् वा यदि वा दुःखम् sukhaṃ vā yadi vā duḥkham is what he sees that way, whether it is happiness or pain.
saḥ yogī paramaḥ mataḥ (सः योगी परमः मतः) is the judgment. That yogin is held to be the highest.
ātma aupamyena (आत्म औपम्येन) is ātmaupamyena (आत्मौपम्येन), a (अ) plus au (औ) becoming au (औ). yaḥ arjuna (यः अर्जुन) is yo 'rjuna (योऽर्जुन). saḥ yogī (सः योगी) is sa yogī (स योगी).
Sanskrit in this line
aupamyena (औपम्येन) is instrumental, "by means of a likeness." ātma- (आत्म-) says whose likeness: his own. He uses himself as the measure for everyone else's sukham (सुखम्) and duḥkham (दुःखम्). mataḥ (मतः) is the past participle of man (मन्), "think," used as "is held." The one who holds this view is the speaker. paramaḥ (परमः) agrees with yogī (योगी).
Say it back
By what likeness he sees, and what two things he sees as the same. If the likeness is someone else's self, ātmaupamyena (आत्मौपम्येन) has been missed.