7.5
अपरेयमितस्त्वन्यां प्रकृतिं विद्धि मे पराम् ।
जीवभूतां महाबाहो ययेदं धार्यते जगत् ॥
apareyam itas tv anyāṃ prakṛtiṃ viddhi me parām
jīvabhūtāṃ mahābāho yayedaṃ dhāryate jagat
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन), whom he calls Mahābāho (महाबाहो), mighty-armed.
The verse
This is the lower one. Know my other nature, the higher, mighty-armed one: it has become the life by which this world is held.
नेपालीमा
यो तल्लो हो। अर्को माथिल्लो प्रकृति चिन्, हे महाबाहु, त्यो जीवन बनेको छ जसले यो संसार धान्छ।
Where it sits
7.4 gave eight parts and called them his nature. This verse divides nature in two. The lower is the eight. The higher is the life of the world. Everything after this, through 7.14, is him saying how those two sit in him.
Split: अपरा + इयम् + इतः + तु + अन्याम् + प्रकृतिम् + विद्धि + मे + पराम् + जीव-भूताम् + महा-बाहो + यया + इदम् + धार्यते + जगत्
aparā + iyam + itaḥ + tu + anyām + prakṛtim + viddhi + me + parām + jīva-bhūtām + mahā-bāho + yayā + idam + dhāryate + jagat
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अपरा | aparā | nominative feminine | the lower. Agrees with iyam (इयम्), the eightfold nature. |
| इयम् | iyam | nominative feminine | this. |
| इतः | itaḥ | indeclinable | from this, than this. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. The turn to the other nature. |
| अन्याम् | anyām | accusative feminine | another. |
| प्रकृतिम् | prakṛtim | accusative feminine | nature. |
| विद्धि | viddhi | imperative, 2nd singular | know. From vid (विद्). |
| मे | me | genitive | my. |
| पराम् | parām | accusative feminine | the higher. Agrees with prakṛtim (प्रकृतिम्). |
| जीव-भूताम् | jīva-bhūtām | accusative feminine | become life. The life of what lives. bhūta (भूत) is "become." |
| महा-बाहो | mahā-bāho | vocative of mahā-bāhu (महा-बाहु) | mighty-armed. |
| यया | yayā | instrumental feminine of yā (या) | by which. |
| इदम् | idam | nominative neuter | this. |
| धार्यते | dhāryate | present passive, 3rd singular | is held, is kept up. From dhṛ (धृ). |
| जगत् | jagat | nominative neuter | the world. What moves. |
The phrases
aparā iyam (अपरा इयम्) points back at 7.4. This one, the eight, is the lower. The verb "is" is not in the line. The two nominatives say it.
itaḥ tu anyām prakṛtim viddhi me parām (इतः तु अन्याम् प्रकृतिम् विद्धि मे पराम्) is the command. Know my other nature, the higher one, other than this. parām (पराम्), anyām (अन्याम्), and prakṛtim (प्रकृतिम्) are one accusative, feminine.
jīva-bhūtām (जीव-भूताम्) describes that higher nature. It has become life. yayā idam dhāryate jagat (यया इदम् धार्यते जगत्) says what that life does: by it, this world is held.
Sanskrit in this line
आ + इ ā + i becomes e (ए). It happens twice, once in each half.
अपरा + इयम् aparā + iyam is recited apareyam (अपरेयम्). The ā (आ) of "lower" disappears into the e (ए). If you miss it, the lower nature has no name.
यया + इदम् yayā + idam is recited yayedam (ययेदम्). Same join. yayā (यया) is "by which," and it refers to the feminine prakṛtim (प्रकृतिम्), not to him.
इतः + तु itaḥ + tu is the smaller sandhi beside those. aḥ (अः) before voiceless t (त्) becomes s (स्): itas tu (इतस्तु). Then तु + अन्याम् tu + anyām is tv anyām (त्वन्याम्), because उ + अ u + a becomes va (व).
Say it back
Name the lower, then the higher, then what the higher does to the world. If parām (पराम्) and aparā (अपरा) trade places, stay here.