9.2
राजविद्या राजगुह्यं
पवित्रमिदमुत्तमम् ।
प्रत्यक्षावगमं धर्म्यं
सुसुखं कर्तुमव्ययम् ॥
rājavidyā rājaguhyaṃ pavitram idam uttamam
pratyakṣāvagamaṃ dharmyaṃ susukhaṃ kartum avyayam
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking to Arjuna (अर्जुन). The verse has no finite verb. "Is" is left for the hearer to supply.
The verse
This is the king of knowings, the king of secrets, purifying, the highest, grasped before the eyes, in accord with dharma (धर्म), a pleasure to do, and unfailing.
नेपालीमा
यो ज्ञानहरूको राजा र गुप्त कुराको राजा हो। यो पवित्र पार्ने र सर्वोच्च छ, आँखाअघि नै ग्रहण गर्न सकिन्छ, धर्मअनुसार छ, गर्न सुखद छ र कहिल्यै चुक्दैन।
Where it sits
9.1 promised a most secret knowledge. This verse stops and names it before he says what happens to the person who will not trust it.
Split: राज-विद्या + राज-गुह्यम् + पवित्रम् + इदम् + उत्तमम् + प्रत्यक्ष-अवगमम् + धर्म्यम् + सु-सुखम् + कर्तुम् + अव्ययम्
rāja-vidyā + rāja-guhyam + pavitram + idam + uttamam + pratyakṣa-avagamam + dharmyam + su-sukham + kartum + avyayam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| राज-विद्या | rāja-vidyā | nominative feminine | the king of knowings. vidyā (विद्या) is a knowing. rāja- (राज-) makes it the chief of its kind. |
| राज-गुह्यम् | rāja-guhyam | nominative neuter | the king of secrets. guhya (गुह्य) is what is hidden. |
| पवित्रम् | pavitram | nominative neuter | purifying. |
| इदम् | idam | nominative neuter | this. The knowledge of 9.1. |
| उत्तमम् | uttamam | nominative neuter | highest. |
| प्रत्यक्ष-अवगमम् | pratyakṣa-avagamam | nominative neuter | whose grasp is in front of the eyes. pratyakṣa (प्रत्यक्ष) is "before the eyes." avagama (अवगम) is the arriving at it. |
| धर्म्यम् | dharmyam | nominative neuter | in accord with dharma (धर्म). |
| सु-सुखम् | su-sukham | nominative neuter | very easy, a pleasure. sukha (सुख) is ease. The first su (सु) presses it. |
| कर्तुम् | kartum | infinitive of kṛ (कृ) | to do. |
| अव्ययम् | avyayam | nominative neuter | unfailing. vyaya (व्यय) is wasting away. |
The phrases
rājavidyā rājaguhyam (राजविद्या राजगुह्यम्) are the two titles. One word is feminine, one is neuter. Each is a name for the jñānam (ज्ञानम्) he just promised.
पवित्रम् इदम् उत्तमम् pavitram idam uttamam keeps the neuter. "This" is purifying and highest. pratyakṣa-avagamam (प्रत्यक्ष-अवगमम्) says the grasp of it happens in front of the eyes. dharmyam (धर्म्यम्) sets it inside dharma (धर्म).
susukhaṃ kartum (सुसुखं कर्तुम्) is "a pleasure to do," an infinitive leaning on su-sukham (सु-सुखम्). avyayam (अव्ययम्) is the last name: it does not waste away.
Sanskrit in this line
rāja- (राज-) at the front of a compound makes that word the king of its class. rāja-vidyā (राज-विद्या) is the king among knowings. rāja-guhyam (राज-गुह्यम्) is the king among secrets. The neuter adjectives agree with rāja-guhyam (राज-गुह्यम्) and with idam (इदम्). rāja-vidyā (राज-विद्या) stays feminine beside them, its own name for the same knowledge.
Say it back
Cover the English. Give both titles and the ease of doing it. If rāja-vidyā (राज-विद्या) comes out as a vague "science," stay here.