9.10
मयाध्यक्षेण प्रकृतिः
सूयते सचराचरम् ।
हेतुनानेन कौन्तेय
जगद्विपरिवर्तते ॥
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram
hetunānena kaunteya jagad viparivartate
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
With me as overseer, nature brings forth the moving and the unmoving; by this cause, son of Kuntī (कुन्ती), the world turns round.
नेपालीमा
म अध्यक्ष रहँदा प्रकृतिले चल्ने र नचल्ने सबैलाई निकाल्छ। यही कारणले, हे कुन्तीपुत्र, संसार घुम्छ।
Where it sits
9.1 through 9.10 are one opening. The king of knowings is this: he pervades in a form that is not manifest, beings rest in him, he is not used up by the sending, and nature brings the world forth under his eye.
Split: मया + अध्यक्षेण + प्रकृतिः + सूयते + स-चर-अचरम् + हेतुना + अनेन + कौन्तेय + जगत् + विपरिवर्तते
mayā + adhyakṣeṇa + prakṛtiḥ + sūyate + sa-cara-acaram + hetunā + anena + kaunteya + jagat + viparivartate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| मया | mayā | instrumental | by me. |
| अध्यक्षेण | adhyakṣeṇa | instrumental | by the overseer. adhi (अधि) "over," akṣa (अक्ष) "eye." |
| प्रकृतिः | prakṛtiḥ | nominative | nature. |
| सूयते | sūyate | present, 3rd singular, middle | brings forth. From sū (सू). |
| स-चर-अचरम् | sa-cara-acaram | accusative | the moving together with the unmoving. cara (चर) "moving," acara (अचर) "unmoving," sa- (स-) "with." |
| हेतुना | hetunā | instrumental | by a cause. |
| अनेन | anena | instrumental of idam (इदम्) | by this. |
| कौन्तेय | kaunteya | vocative | son of Kuntī (कुन्ती). |
| जगत् | jagat | nominative | the world. |
| विपरिवर्तते | viparivartate | present, 3rd singular, middle | turns about, revolves. vi-pari-vṛt (वि-परि-वृत्). |
The phrases
mayā adhyakṣeṇa (मया अध्यक्षेण) is one person in two instrumentals. By me, and by the overseer: the overseer is him. prakṛtiḥ sūyate (प्रकृतिः सूयते) is the mother of the act. Nature brings forth.
sa-cara-acaram (स-चर-अचरम्) is what she brings forth, the moving and the unmoving in one sweep.
hetunā anena (हेतुना अनेन) points back at that oversight. By this cause, jagat viparivartate (जगत् विपरिवर्तते): the world keeps turning.
Sanskrit in this line
mayā (मया) and adhyakṣeṇa (अध्यक्षेण) share one case, the instrumental, and they share one person. The second word tells you in what role the "by me" works: as overseer. जगत् + विपरिवर्तते jagat + viparivartate is recited jagad viparivartate (जगद्विपरिवर्तते). t (त्) before v (व्) becomes d (द्), the same shift jagat (जगत्) made in 9.4.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say who brings forth, and who watches. If adhyakṣeṇa (अध्यक्षेण) drops out, stay here.