9.17
पिताहमस्य जगतो
माता धाता पितामहः ।
वेद्यं पवित्रमोंकार
ऋक्साम यजुरेव च ॥
pitāham asya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ
vedyaṃ pavitram oṃkāra ṛk sāma yajur eva ca
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking to Arjuna (अर्जुन). The "I am" of 9.16 continues.
The verse
I am the father of this world, the mother, the ordainer, the grandfather, what is to be known, the purifier, the syllable om (ॐ), and the ṛk (ऋक्), the sāma (साम), and the yajus (यजुस्).
नेपालीमा
म यस संसारको बुबा, आमा, विधान गर्ने र हजुरबुबा हुँ। म जान्नुपर्ने कुरा, पवित्र पार्ने, ॐ अक्षर, र ऋक्, साम र यजुस् हुँ।
Where it sits
9.16 was the inside of the sacrifice. This verse is the world the sacrifice is for, and the speech the sacrifice is made of. He is kin to the world, and he is the Veda.
Split: पिता + अहम् + अस्य + जगतः + माता + धाता + पितामहः + वेद्यम् + पवित्रम् + ओंकारः + ऋक् + साम + यजुः + एव + च
pitā + aham + asya + jagataḥ + mātā + dhātā + pitāmahaḥ + vedyam + pavitram + oṃkāraḥ + ṛk + sāma + yajuḥ + eva + ca
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| पिता | pitā | nominative of pitṛ (पितृ) | father. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| अस्य | asya | genitive of idam (इदम्) | of this. |
| जगतः | jagataḥ | genitive of jagat (जगत्) | of the world. |
| माता | mātā | nominative | mother. |
| धाता | dhātā | nominative of dhātṛ (धातृ) | the ordainer, the one who sets things in place. From dhā (धा). |
| पितामहः | pitāmahaḥ | nominative | grandfather. |
| वेद्यम् | vedyam | nominative | what is to be known. Gerundive of vid (विद्). |
| पवित्रम् | pavitram | nominative | the purifier. |
| ओंकारः | oṃkāraḥ | nominative | the syllable om (ॐ). |
| ऋक् | ṛk | nominative | the ṛk (ऋक्), the hymn of the ṛgveda (ऋग्वेद). |
| साम | sāma | nominative | the sāma (साम), the chant. |
| यजुः | yajuḥ | nominative | the yajus (यजुस्), the sacrificial formula. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
The phrases
पिता अहम् अस्य जगतः pitā aham asya jagataḥ is "I am the father of this world." mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ (माता धाता पितामहः) stays in the family and then steps past it: mother, ordainer, grandfather.
वेद्यं पवित्रम् ओंकारः vedyaṃ pavitram oṃkāraḥ is what can be known, what purifies, and the syllable. ṛk sāma yajuḥ eva ca (ऋक् साम यजुः एव च) is the three Vedas, named by their kinds of speech.
Sanskrit in this line
jagataḥ (जगतः) is the genitive of jagat (जगत्), "of the world," with pitā (पिता). Before mātā (माता) it is recited jagato (जगतो): aḥ (अः) before a voiced consonant becomes o (ओ). यजुः + एव yajuḥ + eva is yajur eva (यजुरेव): uḥ (उः) before a vowel becomes ur (उर्), as kratuḥ (क्रतुः) did before aham (अहम्) in 9.16.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say father, mother, ordainer, grandfather. If pitāmahaḥ (पितामहः) is flattened into "father," stay here.