10.23
रुद्राणां शङ्करश्चास्मि वित्तेशो यक्षरक्षसाम् ।
वसूनां पावकश्चास्मि मेरुः शिखरिणामहम् ॥
rudrāṇāṃ śaṅkaraś cāsmi vitteśo yakṣarakṣasām
vasūnāṃ pāvakaś cāsmi meruḥ śikhariṇām aham
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues.
The verse
Of the Rudras I am Śaṅkara, and of yakṣas and rakṣases the lord of wealth; of the Vasus I am Pāvaka, and of peaked mountains I am Meru.
नेपालीमा
रुद्रहरूमध्ये म शङ्कर हुँ, यक्ष र राक्षसहरूमध्ये धनको स्वामी हुँ। वसुहरूमध्ये म पावक हुँ, चुचुरो भएका पर्वतमध्ये म मेरु हुँ।
Where it sits
Gods, beings, and a mountain in one verse. The list is teaching its range. There is no need to make Meru a theology of its own. It is the peak among peaks, as Śaṅkara is the one he names among the Rudras.
Split: रुद्राणाम् + शङ्करः + च + अस्मि + वित्त-ईशः + यक्ष-रक्षसाम् + वसूनाम् + पावकः + च + अस्मि + मेरुः + शिखरिणाम् + अहम्
rudrāṇām + śaṅkaraḥ + ca + asmi + vitta-īśaḥ + yakṣa-rakṣasām + vasūnām + pāvakaḥ + ca + asmi + meruḥ + śikhariṇām + aham
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| रुद्राणाम् | rudrāṇām | genitive plural | of the Rudras. |
| शङ्करः | śaṅkaraḥ | nominative | Śaṅkara (शङ्कर). |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| वित्त-ईशः | vitta-īśaḥ | nominative | the lord of wealth. Recited vitteśaḥ (वित्तेशः). vitta (वित्त) is wealth. |
| यक्ष-रक्षसाम् | yakṣa-rakṣasām | genitive plural | of yakṣas and rakṣases. A dvandva (द्वन्द्व), two kinds named as one group. |
| वसूनाम् | vasūnām | genitive plural | of the Vasus. |
| पावकः | pāvakaḥ | nominative | Pāvaka (पावक). Fire, the purifier. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| मेरुः | meruḥ | nominative | Meru (मेरु). The mountain. |
| शिखरिणाम् | śikhariṇām | genitive plural of śikharin (शिखरिन्) | of peaked mountains. Those that have a śikhara (शिखर), a peak. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
The phrases
rudrāṇāṃ śaṅkaraḥ ca asmi vitteśaḥ yakṣarakṣasām (रुद्राणां शङ्करः च अस्मि वित्तेशः यक्षरक्षसाम्) is gods, then a class of beings. Of the Rudras, Śaṅkara. Of yakṣas and rakṣases, the lord of wealth. The genitive yakṣarakṣasām (यक्षरक्षसाम्) stands after the nominative, as marutām (मरुताम्) did.
वसूनां पावकः च अस्मि मेरुः शिखरिणाम् अहम् vasūnāṃ pāvakaḥ ca asmi meruḥ śikhariṇām aham puts fire among the Vasus and a mountain among mountains. The frame does not change when the kind of thing changes. A peak is a splendor in the same grammar as Śaṅkara.
Sanskrit in this line
yakṣa-rakṣasām (यक्ष-रक्षसाम्) is a dvandva (द्वन्द्व), a compound whose members are joined as "and." Yakṣas and rakṣases, one genitive plural on the end. 10.33 will name the dvandva (द्वन्द्व) as his splendor among compounds. The list is already speaking in them.
śaṅkaraḥ (शङ्करः) + ca (च) is śaṅkaraś ca (शङ्करश्च). aḥ (अः) before c (च्) becomes ś (श्). Then ca (च) + asmi (अस्मि) is cāsmi (चास्मि).
Say it back
The mountain and its group. meruḥ (मेरुः), śikhariṇām (शिखरिणाम्). If Meru comes out as a god, stay here. The genitive says mountains.