11.12
दिवि सूर्यसहस्रस्य भवेद्युगपदुत्थिता ।
यदि भाः सदृशी सा स्याद्भासस्तस्य महात्मनः ॥
divi sūryasahasrasya bhaved yugapad utthitā
yadi bhāḥ sadṛśī sā syād bhāsas tasya mahātmanaḥ
Sañjaya (सञ्जय) is still speaking, to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (धृतराष्ट्र).
The verse
If the light of a thousand suns rose at once in the sky, that would be like the radiance of that great self.
नेपालीमा
यदि आकाशमा हजार सूर्यको प्रकाश एकैचोटि उदाउँथ्यो भने, त्यो प्रकाश ती महान् आत्माको दीप्तिजस्तै हुन्थ्यो।
Where it sits
This is Sañjaya's (सञ्जय) measure, not Arjuna's (अर्जुन). The form has been shown. The reporter reaches for the brightest ordinary light and sets it beside the great self. The next verse returns to what Arjuna (अर्जुन) saw inside the body.
Split: दिवि + सूर्य-सहस्रस्य + भवेत् + युगपत् + उत्थिता + यदि + भाः + सदृशी + सा + स्यात् + भासः + तस्य + महा-आत्मनः
divi + sūrya-sahasrasya + bhavet + yugapat + utthitā + yadi + bhāḥ + sadṛśī + sā + syāt + bhāsaḥ + tasya + mahā-ātmanaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| दिवि | divi | locative of div (दिव्) | in the sky. |
| सूर्य-सहस्रस्य | sūrya-sahasrasya | genitive | of a thousand suns. |
| भवेत् | bhavet | optative, 3rd singular | it would be. It might be. |
| युगपत् | yugapat | indeclinable | at once. Together. |
| उत्थिता | utthitā | nominative feminine | risen. Agrees with bhāḥ (भाः). |
| यदि | yadi | indeclinable | if. |
| भाः | bhāḥ | nominative of bhās (भास्) | light. |
| सदृशी | sadṛśī | nominative feminine | similar. Like. |
| सा | sā | nominative feminine | that. The light just supposed. |
| स्यात् | syāt | optative, 3rd singular | it would be. |
| भासः | bhāsaḥ | genitive of bhās (भास्) | of the radiance. |
| तस्य | tasya | genitive | of that. |
| महा-आत्मनः | mahā-ātmanaḥ | genitive | of the great self. |
The phrases
यदि दिवि सूर्य-सहस्रस्य भाः युगपत् उत्थिता भवेत् yadi divi sūrya-sahasrasya bhāḥ yugapat utthitā bhavet is the picture he offers and does not claim. If the light of a thousand suns were risen in the sky all at once.
sā sadṛśī syāt bhāsaḥ tasya mahā-ātmanaḥ (सा सदृशी स्यात् भासः तस्य महा-आत्मनः) is the comparison. That light would be like the radiance of that great self. sadṛśī (सदृशी) takes the genitive bhāsaḥ (भासः). Similar to that radiance.
Sanskrit in this line
bhavet (भवेत्) and syāt (स्यात्) are both optative. yadi (यदि) asks for that mood: not "it is," but "if it were." Before a voiced consonant the final t (त्) of the optative voices. भवेत् + युगपत् bhavet + yugapat is bhaved yugapat (भवेद्युगपत्). युगपत् + उत्थिता yugapat + utthitā is yugapad utthitā (युगपदुत्थिता). स्यात् + भासः syāt + bhāsaḥ is syād bhāsaḥ (स्याद्भासः).
Say it back
How many suns, and what they are being compared to. If sūrya-sahasrasya (सूर्य-सहस्रस्य) comes out as one sun, or if the light is the great self itself and not merely like it, stay here.