11.18

त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यं
त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम् ।
त्वमव्ययः शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता
सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे ॥

tvam akṣaraṃ paramaṃ veditavyam
tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam
tvam avyayaḥ śāśvatadharmagoptā
sanātanas tvaṃ puruṣo mato me

Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.

The verse

You are the supreme imperishable to be known, the supreme resting place of this universe, the imperishable guardian of the eternal dharma; you are the ancient person, so I hold.

नेपालीमा

तपाईं जान्नुपर्ने परम अविनाशी, यो विश्वको परम आश्रय, शाश्वत धर्मका अविनाशी रक्षक हुनुहुन्छ। तपाईं प्राचीन पुरुष हुनुहुन्छ, म यस्तै मान्छु।

Where it sits

The seeing turns into naming. This is what the form means, said while he is still looking. 11.19 will go back to the eyes, the arms, and the scorching.

Split: त्वम् + अक्षरम् + परमम् + वेदितव्यम् + त्वम् + अस्य + विश्वस्य + परम् + निधानम् + त्वम् + अव्ययः + शाश्वत-धर्म-गोप्ता + सनातनः + त्वम् + पुरुषः + मतः + मे

tvam + akṣaram + paramam + veditavyam + tvam + asya + viśvasya + param + nidhānam + tvam + avyayaḥ + śāśvata-dharma-goptā + sanātanaḥ + tvam + puruṣaḥ + mataḥ + me

Sanskrit, in depth

The words

देवनागरी	Word	Grammar	Sense
त्वम्	tvam	nominative	you.
अक्षरम्	akṣaram	nominative singular neuter	the imperishable.
परमम्	paramam	nominative singular neuter	supreme.
वेदितव्यम्	veditavyam	nominative singular neuter	to be known. Gerundive of vid (विद्).
त्वम्	tvam	nominative	you.
अस्य	asya	genitive	of this.
विश्वस्य	viśvasya	genitive	of the universe.
परम्	param	nominative singular neuter	supreme.
निधानम्	nidhānam	nominative	the resting place. The treasury where a thing is laid.
त्वम्	tvam	nominative	you.
अव्ययः	avyayaḥ	nominative masculine	imperishable.
शाश्वत-धर्म-गोप्ता	śāśvata-dharma-goptā	nominative of goptṛ (गोप्तृ)	protector of the eternal dharma.
सनातनः	sanātanaḥ	nominative	ancient. Eternal.
त्वम्	tvam	nominative	you.
पुरुषः	puruṣaḥ	nominative	the person.
मतः	mataḥ	nominative	thought. Held to be. Past participle of man (मन्).
मे	me	genitive of the agent	by me. In my regard.

The phrases

त्वम् अक्षरम् परमम् वेदितव्यम् tvam akṣaram paramam veditavyam is what he is to be known as. You are the supreme imperishable that is to be known. The three neuters agree.

त्वम् अस्य विश्वस्य परम् निधानम् tvam asya viśvasya param nidhānam is the place of the world. You are its supreme resting place.

त्वम् अव्ययः शाश्वत-धर्म-गोप्ता सनातनः त्वम् पुरुषः मतः मे tvam avyayaḥ śāśvata-dharma-goptā sanātanaḥ tvam puruṣaḥ mataḥ me changes to masculine. Imperishable, guardian of the eternal dharma, and the ancient person, so I hold you.

Sanskrit in this line

veditavyam (वेदितव्यम्) is a gerundive, "to be known." The suffix --tavya (तव्य) is the same job as --anīya (अनीय) and the gerundive in --ya (य): an obligation or a fitness sitting on a noun. It agrees with akṣaram (अक्षरम्), neuter. Then avyayaḥ (अव्ययः) is masculine, agreeing with tvam (त्वम्) as a man, not as a neuter thing. One verse, both genders, and tvam (त्वम्) four times to carry them.

Say it back

The neuter he is, and the person he is. If nidhānam (निधानम्) comes out as "the maker," the resting place was replaced.