11.42
यच्चावहासार्थमसत्कृतोऽसि
विहारशय्यासनभोजनेषु ।
एकोऽथवाप्यच्युत तत्समक्षं
तत्क्षामये त्वामहमप्रमेयम् ॥
yac cāvahāsārtham asatkṛto 'si
vihāraśayyāsanabhojaneṣu
eko 'thavāpy acyuta tat samakṣaṃ
tat kṣāmaye tvām aham aprameyam
Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). yat (यत्) here and yat (यत्) in 11.41 are what tat (तत्) picks up. Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
And if I slighted you for a joke, at play, on the bed, on the seat, or at meals, alone or in company, for that I ask you, the immeasurable, to forgive me, O unfallen one.
नेपालीमा
र यदि हाँसोका लागि, खेलमा, खाटमा, आसनमा वा खानपिनमा, एक्लै वा साथमा, मैले तपाईंलाई अनादर गरेँ भने, त्यसका लागि हे नखसेका, अमाप तपाईंलाई म क्षमा माग्छु।
Where it sits
The apology is complete: the name "friend," the clan name, and the jokes of ordinary hours. He has not yet asked for the gentle form. That ask needs the pardon first.
Split: यत् + च + अवहास-अर्थम् + असत्-कृतः + असि + विहार-शय्या-आसन-भोजनेषु + एकः + अथवा + अपि + अच्युत + तत् + समक्षम् + तत् + क्षामये + त्वाम् + अहम् + अप्रमेयम्
yat + ca + avahāsa-artham + asat-kṛtaḥ + asi + vihāra-śayyā-āsana-bhojaneṣu + ekaḥ + athavā + api + acyuta + tat + samakṣam + tat + kṣāmaye + tvām + aham + aprameyam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यत् | yat | nominative neuter | that. Whatever. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अवहास-अर्थम् | avahāsa-artham | indeclinable accusative | for the sake of a joke. avahāsa (अवहास) is mockery, jest. |
| असत्-कृतः | asat-kṛtaḥ | nominative | treated with disrespect. Not done honor. |
| असि | asi | present, 2nd singular | you are. You have been. |
| विहार-शय्या-आसन-भोजनेषु | vihāra-śayyā-āsana-bhojaneṣu | locative plural | in play, on the bed, on the seat, and at meals. |
| एकः | ekaḥ | nominative | alone. |
| अथवा | athavā | indeclinable | or else. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | even. |
| अच्युत | acyuta | vocative | O unfallen one. |
| तत् | tat | accusative | that. Those times. |
| समक्षम् | samakṣam | indeclinable | in the presence. Before the eyes of others. |
| तत् | tat | accusative | that. The correlative of yat (यत्). |
| क्षामये | kṣāmaye | present causative, 1st singular | I ask pardon. I beg you to forgive. |
| त्वाम् | tvām | accusative | you. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| अप्रमेयम् | aprameyam | accusative | immeasurable. |
The phrases
यत् च अवहास-अर्थम् असत्-कृतः असि yat ca avahāsa-artham asat-kṛtaḥ asi adds the jokes to the careless names. And that you were slighted for the sake of a laugh.
vihāra-śayyā-āsana-bhojaneṣu ekaḥ athavā api acyuta tat samakṣam (विहार-शय्या-आसन-भोजनेषु एकः अथवा अपि अच्युत तत् समक्षम्) is where. At play, lying down, sitting, eating, whether alone or even in front of others.
तत् क्षामये त्वाम् अहम् अप्रमेयम् tat kṣāmaye tvām aham aprameyam is the pardon. For that I ask you, the immeasurable, to forgive me.
Sanskrit in this line
yat (यत्) in 11.41 and yat (यत्) here are relatives. tat (तत्) near kṣāmaye (क्षामये) is the one correlative: whatever was said, that I ask pardon for. असत्-कृतः + असि asat-kṛtaḥ + asi is asatkṛto 'si (असत्कृतोऽसि). एकः + अथवा ekaḥ + athavā is eko 'thavā (एकोऽथवा), and अथवा + अपि athavā + api is athavāpi (अथवापि).
Say it back
What he asks, and for which occasions. If the jokes are missing and only the battlefield remains, vihāra-śayyā-āsana-bhojaneṣu (विहार-शय्या-आसन-भोजनेषु) was skipped.