11.41
सखेति मत्वा प्रसभं यदुक्तं
हे कृष्ण हे यादव हे सखेति ।
अजानता महिमानं तवेदं
मया प्रमादात्प्रणयेन वापि ॥
sakheti matvā prasabhaṃ yad uktaṃ
he kṛṣṇa he yādava he sakheti
ajānatā mahimānaṃ tavedaṃ
mayā pramādāt praṇayena vāpi
Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). The verb of asking pardon is kṣāmaye (क्षामये) in 11.42. This verse is what he is apologizing for. Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
Whatever I said rashly, thinking "friend," "O Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण), O Yādava (यादव), O friend," not knowing this greatness of yours, from carelessness or from affection.
नेपालीमा
मैले तपाईंको यो महिमा नजानी, साथी ठानेर, हे कृष्ण, हे यादव, हे साथी भन्दै, लापरबाहीले वा स्नेहले हठात् जे भनेँ।
Where it sits
The homage has made the old vocatives look small. He does not unsay the friendship. He says he used it without knowing the greatness. The pardon is the next verse, and it covers jokes as well as names.
Split: सखे + इति + मत्वा + प्रसभम् + यत् + उक्तम् + हे + कृष्ण + हे + यादव + हे + सखे + इति + अजानता + महिमानम् + तव + इदम् + मया + प्रमादात् + प्रणयेन + वा + अपि
sakhe + iti + matvā + prasabham + yat + uktam + he + kṛṣṇa + he + yādava + he + sakhe + iti + ajānatā + mahimānam + tava + idam + mayā + pramādāt + praṇayena + vā + api
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| सखे | sakhe | vocative of sakhi (सखि) | O friend. |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. Thinking "friend." |
| मत्वा | matvā | gerund of man (मन्) | having thought. |
| प्रसभम् | prasabham | indeclinable | rashly. By force. |
| यत् | yat | nominative neuter | what. Whatever. |
| उक्तम् | uktam | nominative neuter | was said. |
| हे | he | indeclinable | O. |
| कृष्ण | kṛṣṇa | vocative | Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). |
| हे | he | indeclinable | O. |
| यादव | yādava | vocative | O Yādava (यादव). Descendant of Yadu (यदु). |
| हे | he | indeclinable | O. |
| सखे | sakhe | vocative | O friend. |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. |
| अजानता | ajānatā | instrumental | by one not knowing. Present participle of jñā (ज्ञा), negative. |
| महिमानम् | mahimānam | accusative | the greatness. |
| तव | tava | genitive | your. |
| इदम् | idam | accusative | this. |
| मया | mayā | instrumental | by me. |
| प्रमादात् | pramādāt | ablative | from carelessness. |
| प्रणयेन | praṇayena | instrumental | from affection. By intimacy. |
| वा | vā | indeclinable | or. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
The phrases
सखे इति मत्वा प्रसभम् यत् उक्तम् sakhe iti matvā prasabham yat uktam is the mistake named. Whatever was said rashly, thinking "friend."
he kṛṣṇa he yādava he sakhe iti (हे कृष्ण हे यादव हे सखे इति) quotes the actual calls. O Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण), O Yādava (यादव), O friend. The names of the chariot, not of the form he has just seen.
ajānatā mahimānam tava idam mayā pramādāt praṇayena vā api (अजानता महिमानम् तव इदम् मया प्रमादात् प्रणयेन वा अपि) is the excuse he offers, not a denial. By me, not knowing this greatness of yours, from carelessness or from affection.
Sanskrit in this line
सखे + इति sakhe + iti is recited sakheti (सखेति). The vocative sakhe (सखे) keeps its e (ए), and the i (इ) of iti (इति) is not a separate syllable. iti (इति) is doing the work it did with svasti (स्वस्ति) in 11.21: it quotes. ajānatā (अजानता) is instrumental, agreeing with mayā (मया). The person who did not know is the same person who spoke.
Say it back
The three calls he quotes. If sakhe (सखे) is left out, the familiarity he is apologizing for was reduced to a name of the clan.