11.54
भक्त्या त्वनन्यया शक्य अहमेवंविधोऽर्जुन ।
ज्ञातुं द्रष्टुं च तत्त्वेन प्रवेष्टुं च परन्तप ॥
bhaktyā tv ananyayā śakya aham evaṃvidho 'rjuna
jñātuṃ draṣṭuṃ ca tattvena praveṣṭuṃ ca parantapa
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
But by undivided devotion I can be known in this way, Arjuna (अर्जुन), to be known and seen and entered in truth, scorcher of the foe.
नेपालीमा
तर हे अर्जुन, हे शत्रु पोल्ने, अविभाजित भक्तिले मलाई यसरी सत्यमा जान्न, देख्न र पस्न सकिन्छ।
Where it sits
Study, gift, rite, and austerity were refused. Devotion is not a fifth item on that list. tu (तु) marks the turn. The last verse will say what that devotion looks like in a person: work, rank, attachment, enmity.
Split: भक्त्या + तु + अनन्यया + शक्यः + अहम् + एवम्-विधः + अर्जुन + ज्ञातुम् + द्रष्टुम् + च + तत्त्वेन + प्रवेष्टुम् + च + परन्तप
bhaktyā + tu + ananyayā + śakyaḥ + aham + evam-vidhaḥ + arjuna + jñātum + draṣṭum + ca + tattvena + praveṣṭum + ca + parantapa
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| भक्त्या | bhaktyā | instrumental | by devotion. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. |
| अनन्यया | ananyayā | instrumental feminine | by an undivided one. By one that has no other object. Agrees with bhaktyā (भक्त्या). |
| शक्यः | śakyaḥ | nominative | able to be. Possible. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| एवम्-विधः | evam-vidhaḥ | nominative | of this kind. |
| अर्जुन | arjuna | vocative | Arjuna (अर्जुन). |
| ज्ञातुम् | jñātum | infinitive | to know. |
| द्रष्टुम् | draṣṭum | infinitive | to see. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| तत्त्वेन | tattvena | instrumental | in truth. As I really am. |
| प्रवेष्टुम् | praveṣṭum | infinitive | to enter. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| परन्तप | parantapa | vocative | scorcher of the foe. |
The phrases
भक्त्या तु अनन्यया शक्यः अहम् एवम्-विधः bhaktyā tu ananyayā śakyaḥ aham evam-vidhaḥ is the means that the na (न) of 11.53 did not cover. But by undivided devotion I am able to be known in this way.
jñātum draṣṭum ca tattvena praveṣṭum ca (ज्ञातुम् द्रष्टुम् च तत्त्वेन प्रवेष्टुम् च) is the three acts the devotion is for. To know, and to see, and to enter, in truth.
Sanskrit in this line
तु + अनन्यया tu + ananyayā is tvananyayā (त्वनन्यया). Final u (उ) before a vowel becomes v (व्). śakyaḥ aham (शक्यः अहम्) is printed śakya aham (शक्य अहम्). The first quarter ends at śakya (शक्य). The next begins with aham (अहम्). Do not join them into śakyo 'ham (शक्योऽहम्). The eight syllables of the quarter need the a (अ) heard. Three infinitives, jñātum (ज्ञातुम्), draṣṭum (द्रष्टुम्), praveṣṭum (प्रवेष्टुम्), share one instrumental, bhaktyā (भक्त्या).
Say it back
The means, and the three infinitives. If the means is tapasā (तपसा), this verse was swapped with 11.53. The means here is bhaktyā (भक्त्या).