12.3
ये त्वक्षरमनिर्देश्यमव्यक्तं पर्युपासते ।
सर्वत्रगमचिन्त्यञ्च कूटस्थमचलन्ध्रुवम् ॥
ye tv akṣaram anirdeśyam avyaktaṃ paryupāsate
sarvatragam acintyañ ca kūṭastham acaland dhruvam
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and the sentence does not finish here: te (ते) in 12.4 answers this ye (ये).
The verse
But those who worship the imperishable, the one that cannot be pointed out, the unmanifest, present everywhere, unthinkable, set like a peak, unmoving, fixed, are the people 12.4 follows to the end.
नेपालीमा
तर जसले अविनाशी, देखाउन नसकिने, अव्यक्त, सबैतिर रहेको, सोच्न नसकिने, शिखरझैँ अडिएको, नचल्ने, स्थिरलाई पूजा गर्छन्, तिनीहरू ती मानिस हुन् जसलाई श्लोक १२.४ ले अन्त्यसम्म पछ्याउँछ।
Where it sits
12.2 gave the manifest worship the higher place. This verse does not drop the other. It starts the sentence that will say those worshippers also come to him.
Split: ये + तु + अक्षरम् + अनिर्देश्यम् + अव्यक्तम् + पर्युपासते + सर्वत्र-गम् + अचिन्त्यम् + च + कूट-स्थम् + अचलम् + ध्रुवम्
ye + tu + akṣaram + anirdeśyam + avyaktam + paryupāsate + sarvatra-gam + acintyam + ca + kūṭa-stham + acalam + dhruvam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| ये | ye | nominative plural | who. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. The turn to the other worship. |
| अक्षरम् | akṣaram | accusative singular neuter | the imperishable. |
| अनिर्देश्यम् | anirdeśyam | accusative singular neuter | not to be pointed out. Gerundive of nir-diś (निर्-दिश्), with a- (अ-). |
| अव्यक्तम् | avyaktam | accusative singular neuter | the unmanifest. |
| पर्युपासते | paryupāsate | present, 3rd plural, middle | they worship. |
| सर्वत्र-गम् | sarvatra-gam | accusative singular neuter | going everywhere. ga (ग) "going." |
| अचिन्त्यम् | acintyam | accusative singular neuter | not to be thought. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| कूट-स्थम् | kūṭa-stham | accusative singular neuter | standing firm. kūṭa (कूट) "a peak," stha (स्थ) "standing." |
| अचलम् | acalam | accusative singular neuter | unmoving. |
| ध्रुवम् | dhruvam | accusative singular neuter | fixed. |
The phrases
ये तु अक्षरम् अनिर्देश्यम् अव्यक्तं पर्युपासते ye tu akṣaram anirdeśyam avyaktaṃ paryupāsate names the other knowers and what they worship. tu (तु) sets them off from the people of 12.2. ye tu akṣaram (ये तु अक्षरम्) is ye tv akṣaram (ये त्वक्षरम्): उ + अ u + a becomes va (व).
सर्वत्रगम् अचिन्त्यम् च कूटस्थम् अचलम् ध्रुवम् sarvatragam acintyam ca kūṭastham acalam dhruvam keeps describing that one object. It goes everywhere, it cannot be thought, it stands like a peak, it does not move, it is fixed. acintyam ca (अचिन्त्यम् च) is recited acintyañ ca (अचिन्त्यञ्च): m (म्) before c (च्) becomes the class nasal ñ (ञ्). acalam dhruvam (अचलम् ध्रुवम्) is अचलन्ध्रुवम् acaland dhruvam: m (म्) before dh (ध्) becomes n (न्).
Sanskrit in this line
One noun, and every other word in the accusative is describing it. akṣaram (अक्षरम्) is the object of paryupāsate (पर्युपासते). anirdeśyam (अनिर्देश्यम्), avyaktam (अव्यक्तम्), sarvatra-gam (सर्वत्र-गम्), acintyam (अचिन्त्यम्), kūṭa-stham (कूट-स्थम्), acalam (अचलम्), and dhruvam (ध्रुवम्) all agree with it. Neuter singular accusative, seven times after the noun. Do not give any of them a new object.
Say it back
The object of this worship, in the words of the verse. If one of the accusatives becomes a second thing they worship, stay here.