13.26
अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वान्येभ्य उपासते ।
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः ॥
anye tv evam ajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate
te 'pi cātitaranty eva mṛtyuṃ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Others, not knowing it thus, worship having heard it from others; they too, devoted to what they have heard, cross beyond death.
नेपालीमा
अरूले यसरी नजानेर अरूबाट सुनेर पूजा गर्छन्, सुनेको कुरामा समर्पित तिनीहरू पनि मृत्यु नाघ्छन्।
Where it sits
Beside the ways of seeing in 13.25, this verse keeps the people who worship from what they have heard, and te api (ते अपि) includes them in the crossing of death.
Split: अन्ये + तु + एवम् + अजानन्तः + श्रुत्वा + अन्येभ्यः + उपासते + ते + अपि + च + अतितरन्ति + एव + मृत्युम् + श्रुति-परायणाः
anye + tu + evam + ajānantaḥ + śrutvā + anyebhyaḥ + upāsate + te + api + ca + atitaranti + eva + mṛtyum + śruti-parāyaṇāḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अन्ये | anye | nominative plural | others. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. A light turn to a further group. |
| एवम् | evam | indeclinable | thus. In the way of 13.25. |
| अजानन्तः | ajānantaḥ | nominative plural, present participle of jñā (ज्ञा) | not knowing. The a- (अ-) is the negative. |
| श्रुत्वा | śrutvā | gerund of śru (श्रु) | having heard. |
| अन्येभ्यः | anyebhyaḥ | ablative plural | from others. Recited anyebhya (अन्येभ्य) before upāsate (उपासते). |
| उपासते | upāsate | present, 3rd plural middle of upa-ās (उप-आस्) | they worship. They sit near. |
| ते | te | nominative plural | they. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अतितरन्ति | atitaranti | present, 3rd plural of ati-tṛ (अति-तृ) | they cross beyond. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| मृत्युम् | mṛtyum | accusative singular | death. |
| श्रुति-परायणाः | śruti-parāyaṇāḥ | nominative plural | having what they have heard as their highest resort. śruti (श्रुति) is the heard word. parāyaṇa (परायण) is the final aim one depends on. |
The phrases
अन्ये तु एवम् अजानन्तः anye tu evam ajānantaḥ is a fourth group. Others, not knowing it in the way just said. तु + एवम् tu + evam is tv evam (त्वेवम्).
śrutvā anyebhyaḥ upāsate (श्रुत्वा अन्येभ्यः उपासते) is what they do instead. Having heard from others, they worship. श्रुत्वा + अन्येभ्यः śrutvā + anyebhyaḥ is śrutvānyebhyaḥ (श्रुत्वान्येभ्यः).
te api ca atitaranti eva mṛtyum (ते अपि च अतितरन्ति एव मृत्युम्) includes them in the crossing. They too cross beyond death. śrutiparāyaṇāḥ (श्रुतिपरायणाः) says why. What they heard is their highest resort. ते + अपि te + api is te 'pi (तेऽपि). अतितरन्ति + एव atitaranti + eva is atitaranty eva (अतितरन्त्येव).
Sanskrit in this line
ते + अपि te + api is te 'pi (तेऽपि). e (ए) meets a (अ): the e (ए) stays, and ऽ stands for the a (अ).
अतितरन्ति + एव atitaranti + eva is atitaranty eva (अतितरन्त्येव). i (इ) before a different vowel becomes y (य्). śrutvā (श्रुत्वा) has no prefix, so the gerund is --tvā (त्वा).
Say it back
Say what they lack, what they have heard, and what they still cross. If te api (ते अपि) drops out, stay here. The hearing is included.