13.27
यावत्सञ्जायते किञ्चित्सत्त्वं स्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञसंयोगात्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥
yāvat sañjāyate kiñcit sattvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam
kṣetrakṣetrajñasaṃyogāt tad viddhi bharatarṣabha
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Whatever being comes to be, unmoving or moving, know it as coming from the joining of the field and the knower of the field, bull of the Bharatas (भरत).
नेपालीमा
जे जुन प्राणी उत्पन्न हुन्छ, अचल होस् वा चल, त्यो क्षेत्र र क्षेत्रज्ञको जोडबाट आएको हो भनेर जान, हे भरतहरूका वृषभ।
Where it sits
A being, still or moving, is what appears when the field of 13.2 joins the knower of 13.3, and 13.28 says what seeing that is.
Split: यावत् + सञ्जायते + किञ्चित् + सत्त्वम् + स्थावर-जङ्गमम् + क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञ-संयोगात् + तत् + विद्धि + भरत-ऋषभ
yāvat + sañjāyate + kiñcit + sattvam + sthāvara-jaṅgamam + kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt + tat + viddhi + bharata-ṛṣabha
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यावत् | yāvat | indeclinable | whatever. As much as. |
| सञ्जायते | sañjāyate | present, 3rd singular middle of sam-jan (सम्-जन्) | comes to be. Is born. |
| किञ्चित् | kiñcit | nominative singular neuter | anything. Whatever. kim (किम्) plus the particle cit (चित्). |
| सत्त्वम् | sattvam | nominative singular | a being. An existence. Here a creature, not the strand sattva (सत्त्व). |
| स्थावर-जङ्गमम् | sthāvara-jaṅgamam | nominative singular neuter | unmoving and moving. sthāvara (स्थावर) is fixed in place. jaṅgama (जङ्गम) goes. Agrees with sattvam (सत्त्वम्). |
| क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञ-संयोगात् | kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt | ablative singular | from the joining of the field and the knower of the field. saṃyoga (संयोग) is the joining. |
| तत् | tat | accusative singular neuter | that. The arising. |
| विद्धि | viddhi | imperative, 2nd singular | know. |
| भरत-ऋषभ | bharata-ṛṣabha | vocative | bull of the Bharatas (भरत). Best of them. ṛṣabha (ऋषभ) is a bull. Recited bharatarṣabha (भरतर्षभ). |
The phrases
yāvat sañjāyate kiñcit sattvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam (यावत् सञ्जायते किञ्चित् सत्त्वं स्थावरजङ्गमम्) is the scope. Whatever being comes to be, the still and the moving. यावत् and किञ्चित् together mean "whatsoever."
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञसंयोगात् तत् विद्धि kṣetrakṣetrajñasaṃyogāt tad viddhi is the command. Know that as coming from the joining of the field and the knower of the field. The ablative answers "from what." संयोगात् + तत् + विद्धि saṃyogāt + tat + viddhi is saṃyogāt tad viddhi (संयोगात्तद्विद्धि).
bharatarṣabha (भरतर्षभ) is Arjuna (अर्जुन), named as the best of the Bharatas.
Sanskrit in this line
भरत + ऋषभ bharata + ṛṣabha is bharatarṣabha (भरतर्षभ). अ + ऋ a + ṛ becomes ar (अर्). The ṛ (ऋ) of ṛṣabha (ऋषभ) is still the first vowel of "bull" after you undo the join.
संयोगात् + तत् saṃyogāt + tat doubles the t (त्). That tat (तत्) then voices to d (द्) before viddhi (विद्धि). The recited chain is saṃyogāt tad viddhi (संयोगात्तद्विद्धि).
Say it back
Say what every being comes from. If saṃyogāt (संयोगात्) comes out as the field alone, stay here. The joining needs both.