13.31
यदा भूतपृथग्भावमेकस्थमनुपश्यति ।
तत एव च विस्तारं ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा ॥
yadā bhūtapṛthagbhāvam ekastham anupaśyati
tata eva ca vistāraṃ brahma sampadyate tadā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
When he sees the separate state of beings standing in one, and the spreading from that alone, then he reaches Brahman (ब्रह्म).
नेपालीमा
जब ऊ प्राणीहरूको अलग अवस्था एउटैमा रहेको र त्यसैबाट फैलिएको देख्छ, तब ऊ ब्रह्ममा पुग्छ।
Where it sits
After 13.30 separated the self from the doing, this verse gathers the separate states of beings into one, and the moment of that seeing is the moment of reaching Brahman (ब्रह्म).
Split: यदा + भूत-पृथक्-भावम् + एक-स्थम् + अनुपश्यति + ततः + एव + च + विस्तारम् + ब्रह्म + सम्पद्यते + तदा
yadā + bhūta-pṛthak-bhāvam + eka-stham + anupaśyati + tataḥ + eva + ca + vistāram + brahma + sampadyate + tadā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यदा | yadā | indeclinable | when. |
| भूत-पृथक्-भावम् | bhūta-pṛthak-bhāvam | accusative singular | the separate state of beings. pṛthak (पृथक्) is "apart." bhāva (भाव) is the state. Recited bhūtapṛthagbhāvam (भूतपृथग्भावम्). |
| एक-स्थम् | eka-stham | accusative singular | standing in one. Agrees with bhūta-pṛthak-bhāvam (भूत-पृथक्-भावम्). |
| अनुपश्यति | anupaśyati | present, 3rd singular of anu-dṛś (अनु-दृश्) | he sees. He sees along. |
| ततः | tataḥ | indeclinable | from that. Recited tata (तत) before eva (एव). |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | alone. Just. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| विस्तारम् | vistāram | accusative singular | the spreading. The expansion. |
| ब्रह्म | brahma | accusative singular neuter | Brahman (ब्रह्म). What he reaches. |
| सम्पद्यते | sampadyate | present, 3rd singular middle of sam-pad (सम्-पद्) | he reaches. He arrives at. |
| तदा | tadā | indeclinable | then. The correlative of yadā (यदा). |
The phrases
यदा भूतपृथग्भावम् एकस्थम् अनुपश्यति yadā bhūtapṛthagbhāvam ekastham anupaśyati is the moment. When he sees the separate state of beings standing in one. The many conditions are located in a single place.
tataḥ eva ca vistāram (ततः एव च विस्तारम्) is the second object of the same verb. And the spreading out from that alone. ततः + एव tataḥ + eva is tata eva (तत एव).
brahma sampadyate tadā (ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा) is what that moment is. Then he reaches Brahman (ब्रह्म). tadā (तदा) answers yadā (यदा).
Sanskrit in this line
पृथक् + भाव pṛthak + bhāva is recited pṛthagbhāva (पृथग्भाव). A final k (क्) before the voiced b (ब्) becomes g (ग्). The hyphen in bhūta-pṛthak-bhāvam (भूत-पृथक्-भावम्) shows the seam. The line does not.
ततः + एव tataḥ + eva is tata eva (तत एव). Visarga after a (अ), before e (ए), is dropped, and the a (अ) stays.
Say it back
Say where the separate states stand, and what he reaches then. If eka-stham (एक-स्थम्) comes out as "each in its own place," stay here.