13.35
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवमन्तरं ज्ञानचक्षुषा ।
भूतप्रकृतिमोक्षं च ये विदुर्यान्ति ते परम् ॥
kṣetrakṣetrajñayor evam antaraṃ jñānacakṣuṣā
bhūtaprakṛtimokṣaṃ ca ye vidur yānti te param
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Those who know thus, with the eye of knowledge, the difference of the field and the knower of the field, and the release from the nature of beings, they go to the supreme.
नेपालीमा
जसले यसरी ज्ञानको आँखाले क्षेत्र र क्षेत्रज्ञको भेद, र प्राणीहरूको प्रकृतिबाट मुक्ति जान्छन्, तिनीहरू परममा जान्छन्।
Where it sits
The chapter ends on the pair it opened with, the difference of field and knower seen with the eye of knowledge, together with release from the prakṛti (प्रकृति) of beings that 13.20 called beginningless.
Split: क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः + एवम् + अन्तरम् + ज्ञान-चक्षुषा + भूत-प्रकृति-मोक्षम् + च + ये + विदुः + यान्ति + ते + परम्
kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ + evam + antaram + jñāna-cakṣuṣā + bhūta-prakṛti-mokṣam + ca + ye + viduḥ + yānti + te + param
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः | kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ | genitive dual | of the field and of the knower of the field. The same dual as in 13.3. Recited kṣetrakṣetrajñayor (क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्). |
| एवम् | evam | indeclinable | thus. In the way this chapter has set it. |
| अन्तरम् | antaram | accusative singular | the difference. The interval between. |
| ज्ञान-चक्षुषा | jñāna-cakṣuṣā | instrumental singular of cakṣus (चक्षुस्) | with the eye of knowledge. |
| भूत-प्रकृति-मोक्षम् | bhūta-prakṛti-mokṣam | accusative singular | release from the nature of beings. mokṣa (मोक्ष) is release. prakṛti (प्रकृति) is the nature of 13.20. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| ये | ye | nominative plural | who. Those who. |
| विदुः | viduḥ | perfect, 3rd plural of vid (विद्), present in sense | they know. Recited vidur (विदुर्). |
| यान्ति | yānti | present, 3rd plural of yā (या) | they go. |
| ते | te | nominative plural | they. The correlative of ye (ये). |
| परम् | param | accusative singular neuter | the supreme. |
The phrases
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोः एवम् अन्तरं ज्ञानचक्षुषा kṣetrakṣetrajñayoḥ evam antaram jñānacakṣuṣā is the first thing they know. The difference of the field and the knower of the field, thus, with the eye of knowledge. The genitive dual answers "between which two." क्षेत्रज्ञयोः + एवम् kṣetrajñayoḥ + evam is kṣetrajñayor evam (क्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवम्).
bhūtaprakṛtimokṣaṃ ca (भूतप्रकृतिमोक्षं च) is the second object of viduḥ (विदुः). And the release from the nature of beings. The prakṛti (प्रकृति) of 13.20 is what the release is from.
ye viduḥ yānti te param (ये विदुः यान्ति ते परम्) is the going. Those who know, they go to the supreme. विदुः + यान्ति viduḥ + yānti is vidur yānti (विदुर्यान्ति). te (ते) picks up ye (ये).
Sanskrit in this line
क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः + एवम् kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ + evam is kṣetrakṣetrajñayor evam (क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवम्). Visarga after o (ओ), before a vowel, becomes r (र्). The ending --yoḥ (योः) is the genitive dual, the same ending as in 13.3, where it met a consonant and also became r (र्).
विदुः + यान्ति viduḥ + yānti is vidur yānti (विदुर्यान्ति). Visarga after u (उ), before the voiced y (य्), becomes r (र्). viduḥ (विदुः) is perfect, third person plural, and here it means "they know."
Say it back
Say the two things they know, and where they go. If antaram (अन्तरम्) comes out as a blend of field and knower, stay here. The word is the difference.