13.34
यथा प्रकाशयत्येकः कृत्स्नं लोकमिमं रविः ।
क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत ॥
yathā prakāśayaty ekaḥ kṛtsnaṃ lokam imaṃ raviḥ
kṣetraṃ kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ prakāśayati bhārata
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Just as one sun illumines this entire world, so the knower of the field illumines the entire field, descendant of Bharata (भरत).
नेपालीमा
जसरी एउटै सूर्यले यो सारा संसार उज्यालो पार्छ, त्यसरी क्षेत्रज्ञले सारा क्षेत्र उज्यालो पार्छ, हे भरतवंशी।
Where it sits
The sky in 13.33 was the picture of not being stained, and the one sun is the picture of lighting, with kṣetrī (क्षेत्री), the knower of 13.2, set beside the whole field.
Split: यथा + प्रकाशयति + एकः + कृत्स्नम् + लोकम् + इमम् + रविः + क्षेत्रम् + क्षेत्री + तथा + कृत्स्नम् + प्रकाशयति + भारत
yathā + prakāśayati + ekaḥ + kṛtsnam + lokam + imam + raviḥ + kṣetram + kṣetrī + tathā + kṛtsnam + prakāśayati + bhārata
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यथा | yathā | indeclinable | just as. |
| प्रकाशयति | prakāśayati | present, 3rd singular, causative of prakāś (प्रकाश्) | it illumines. |
| एकः | ekaḥ | nominative singular | one. |
| कृत्स्नम् | kṛtsnam | accusative singular masculine | entire. Agrees with lokam (लोकम्). |
| लोकम् | lokam | accusative singular | the world. |
| इमम् | imam | accusative singular masculine | this. Agrees with lokam (लोकम्). |
| रविः | raviḥ | nominative singular | the sun. |
| क्षेत्रम् | kṣetram | accusative singular | the field. |
| क्षेत्री | kṣetrī | nominative singular of kṣetrin (क्षेत्रिन्) | the one who has the field. The knower of 13.2. |
| तथा | tathā | indeclinable | so. |
| कृत्स्नम् | kṛtsnam | accusative singular neuter | entire. Agrees with kṣetram (क्षेत्रम्). |
| प्रकाशयति | prakāśayati | present, 3rd singular, causative | illumines. |
| भारत | bhārata | vocative | descendant of Bharata (भरत). |
The phrases
यथा प्रकाशयति एकः कृत्स्नं लोकम् इमम् रविः yathā prakāśayati ekaḥ kṛtsnaṃ lokam imam raviḥ is the picture. Just as one sun illumines this entire world. प्रकाशयति + एकः prakāśayati + ekaḥ is prakāśayaty ekaḥ (प्रकाशयत्येकः). लोकम् + इमम् lokam + imam is lokam imam (लोकमिमम्).
kṣetraṃ kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ prakāśayati bhārata (क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत) is the match. So the knower of the field illumines the entire field, descendant of Bharata (भरत). One sun, one kṣetrī (क्षेत्री). The field is the object, as the world was the object.
Sanskrit in this line
प्रकाशयति + एकः prakāśayati + ekaḥ is prakāśayaty ekaḥ (प्रकाशयत्येकः). i (इ) before a different vowel becomes y (य्).
kṣetrī (क्षेत्री) is the nominative singular of kṣetrin (क्षेत्रिन्). The suffix --in (इन्) means "one who has" the noun it sits on. kṣetra (क्षेत्र) is the field. kṣetrī (क्षेत्री) is the one to whom the field belongs. The nominative of an --in (इन्) stem is --ī (ई), with no visarga.
Say it back
Match the sun to kṣetrī (क्षेत्री). If kṣetrī (क्षेत्री) comes out as the field, stay here. The field is what gets lit.